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Gadolinium Tin Comparison

Gadolinium
Tin
Tin Gadolinium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Gd  
Sn  
Group Number
0  
18
14  
4
Period Number
6  
5  
Block
f block  
p block  
Element Family
Lanthanide  
Post-​Transition  
CAS Number
7440542  
33
7440315  
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
I41/amd  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
141.00  
10
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Gadolinium is not found free in nature, hence it is not a native metal.
  • Gadolinium metal found in minerals like Monazite and Bastnaesite.
  
  • In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
  • Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining  
Found in Minerals, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac  
-  
Discovery
In 1880  
Before 3500 BC  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
23
0.00 %  
21
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
25
0.00 %  
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
34
0.00 %  
24
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
34
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
38
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
15
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its alloys are also used in making Magnets, electronic components and Data storage devices.
  • Compound of Gadolinium metal are used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  
  • Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
  • Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Dentistry  
Other Uses
Alloys  
-  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3  
10
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
1.40 p.p.m.  
17
Physical
Melting Point
1,311.00 °C  
35
231.90 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
3,233.00 °C  
26
2,270.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silvery White  
Luster
Metallic  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
4.50  
10
1.50  
19
Brinell Hardness
700.00 MPa  
17
50.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
510.00 MPa  
34
50.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,680.00 m/s  
99+
2,730.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.97  
16
2.40  
7
Reflectivity
59.00 %  
24
51.00 %  
30
Allotropes
No  
Yes  
α Allotropes
-  
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)  
β Allotropes
-  
White Tin (Beta Tin)  
γ Allotropes
-  
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Gd  
Sn  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
26  
13
35  
4
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.20  
40
1.96  
9
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.20  
32
1.49  
19
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.11  
30
1.72  
5
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.20  
39
2.21  
5
Allen Electronegativity
1.20  
99+
1.82  
14
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.80  
15
2.04  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
593.40 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
33
2nd Energy Level
1,170.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,411.80 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,943.00 kJ/mol  
30
4th Energy Level
4,250.00 kJ/mol  
40
3,930.30 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
5,930.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,456.00 kJ/mol  
21
6th Energy Level
5,930.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
5,930.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
39
8th Energy Level
5,930.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
35
9th Energy Level
5,930.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
32
10th Energy Level
5,930.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
36
11th Energy Level
5,930.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
34
12th Energy Level
59,300.00 kJ/mol  
17
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,930.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
31
14th Energy Level
5,930.00 kJ/mol  
36
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
59,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
70,800.00 kJ/mol  
27
16th Energy Level
59,300.00 kJ/mol  
37
70,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
17th Energy Level
594.10 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
5,930.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,086.00 kJ/mol  
33
19th Energy Level
593.40 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
39
20th Energy Level
594.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.00 kJ/mol  
33
21st Energy Level
593.40 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
593.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.00 kJ/mol  
27
23rd Energy Level
593.40 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
593.40 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
26
25th Energy Level
593.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
28
26th Energy Level
593.40 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
27th Energy Level
593.40 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
28th Energy Level
593.40 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
32
29th Energy Level
593.40 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
33
30th Energy Level
593.40 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.96 g/amp-hr  
36
1.11 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
3.10 eV  
99+
4.42 eV  
22
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
64  
99+
50  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2  
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Tetragonal (TETR)  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Gadolinium.jpg#100  
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
64  
99+
50  
99+
Number of Neutrons
93  
38
69  
99+
Number of Electrons
64  
99+
50  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm  
16
140.00 pm  
40
Covalent Radius
196.00 pm  
14
139.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
237.00 pm  
19
217.00 pm  
29
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu  
99+
118.71 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
19.90 cm3/mol  
32
16.30 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Europium
  
Indium
  
Next Element
Terbium
  
Cesium
  
Valence Electron Potential
46.10 (-eV)  
35
83.50 (-eV)  
14
Lattice Constant
363.60 pm  
35
583.18 pm  
7
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59  
29
0.68  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.90 g/cm3  
99+
7.37 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.40 g/cm3  
99+
6.99 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
158.00 MPa  
23
15.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
23
0.00  
15
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
32
0.00 (Pa)  
18
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
7.39 (Pa)  
9
0.00 (Pa)  
38
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
21.80 GPa  
99+
18.00 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
37.90 GPa  
99+
58.00 GPa  
21
Young's Modulus
54.80 GPa  
38
50.00 GPa  
39
Poisson Ratio
0.26  
23
0.36  
8
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.90  
99+
7.31  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Ferromagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
12
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
4
0.00  
30
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Superconductor  
Resistivity
1.31 nΩ·m  
99+
115.00 nΩ·m  
28
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.09 106/cm Ω  
28
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
107.30 kJ/mol  
9
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)  
27
0.23 J/(kg K)  
28
Molar Heat Capacity
37.03 J/mol·K  
3
27.11 J/mol·K  
26
Thermal Conductivity
10.60 W/m·K  
99+
66.80 W/m·K  
25
Critical Temperature
1,585.00 K  
38
505.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
9.40 µm/(m·K)  
99+
22.00 µm/(m·K)  
21
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
359.40 kJ/mol  
30
290.40 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.05 kJ/mol  
99+
7.03 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
352.00 kJ/mol  
36
301.30 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
68.10 J/mol.K  
16
51.20 J/mol.K  
40
Summary >>
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