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Tin vs Lanthanum

Tin
Lanthanum
Lanthanum vs Tin


Periodic Table
Symbol
Sn  
La  
Group Number
14  
4
3  
15
Period Number
5  
6  
Block
p block  
f block  
Element Family
Post-​Transition  
Lanthanide  
CAS Number
7440315  
99+
7439910  
99+
Space Group Name
I41/amd  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
141.00  
10
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
  • Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
  
  • Lanthanum metal is highly malleable, ductile and sectile.
  • If exposed to air Lanthanum metal oxidizes rapidly.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Carl Gustaf Mosander  
Discovery
Before 3500 BC  
In 1838  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
21
0.00 %  
23
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
19
0.00 %  
25
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
32
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
34
0.00 %  
19
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
29
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
15
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
  • Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
  
  • It has no commercial uses, but its alloys are in high demand. Lanthanum and Nickel alloy is used for the hydrogen gas storage.
  • The best-known use for mischmetal alloy of Lanthanum is; as a ‘flints’ for cigarette lighters.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry  
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
Dentistry  
-  
Other Uses
-  
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Low Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3  
10
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
32
In Bone
1.40 p.p.m.  
17
0.08 p.p.m.  
29
Physical
Melting Point
231.90 °C  
99+
920.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
2,270.00 °C  
99+
3,469.00 °C  
19
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silvery White  
Luster
-  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
1.50  
19
2.50  
15
Brinell Hardness
50.00 MPa  
99+
350.00 MPa  
36
Vickers Hardness
50.00 MPa  
99+
360.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,730.00 m/s  
99+
2,475.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.40  
7
1.80  
22
Reflectivity
51.00 %  
30
70.00 %  
13
Allotropes
Yes  
No  
α Allotropes
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)  
-  
β Allotropes
White Tin (Beta Tin)  
-  
γ Allotropes
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Sn  
La  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
31  
8
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.96  
9
1.10  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.49  
19
1.10  
38
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.72  
5
1.08  
32
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.21  
5
1.10  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
1.82  
14
1.10  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.04  
99+
2.90  
10
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
33
538.10 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,411.80 kJ/mol  
99+
1,067.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,943.00 kJ/mol  
30
1,850.30 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,930.30 kJ/mol  
99+
4,819.00 kJ/mol  
32
5th Energy Level
7,456.00 kJ/mol  
21
5,940.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
39
5,380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
35
5,380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
32
5,380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
36
5,380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
34
5,380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
31
5,380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
5,380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
70,800.00 kJ/mol  
27
53,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
70,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
53,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
538.10 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
7,086.00 kJ/mol  
33
5,380.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
39
538.10 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
708.00 kJ/mol  
33
538.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
538.10 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
708.00 kJ/mol  
27
538.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
5,380.00 kJ/mol  
25
24th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
26
538.00 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
28
538.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
538.00 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
538.10 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
32
538.00 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
33
538.10 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
538.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.73 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.42 eV  
22
3.50 eV  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
50  
99+
57  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2  
[Xe] 5d2 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)  
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)  
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100  
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Lanthanum.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
50  
99+
57  
99+
Number of Neutrons
69  
99+
82  
99+
Number of Electrons
50  
99+
57  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
140.00 pm  
40
187.00 pm  
10
Covalent Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
207.00 pm  
6
Van der Waals Radius
217.00 pm  
29
240.00 pm  
17
Atomic Weight
118.71 amu  
99+
138.91 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
16.30 cm3/mol  
99+
20.73 cm3/mol  
26
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Indium
  
Barium
  
Next Element
Cesium
  
Cerium
  
Valence Electron Potential
83.50 (-eV)  
14
40.71 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
583.18 pm  
7
377.20 pm  
31
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
0.68  
99+
1.62  
16
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.37 g/cm3  
99+
6.16 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.99 g/cm3  
99+
5.94 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
15.00 MPa  
99+
45.00 MPa  
40
Viscosity
0.00  
15
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
18
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
38
0.98 (Pa)  
15
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa  
99+
14.30 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
58.00 GPa  
21
27.90 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
50.00 GPa  
39
36.60 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.36  
8
0.28  
17
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.31  
99+
6.17  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
15
Susceptibility
0.00  
30
0.00  
25
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
115.00 nΩ·m  
28
615.00 nΩ·m  
7
Electrical Conductivity
0.09 106/cm Ω  
28
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
107.30 kJ/mol  
9
48.00 kJ/mol  
28
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)  
28
0.19 J/(kg K)  
33
Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K  
26
27.11 J/mol·K  
27
Thermal Conductivity
66.80 W/m·K  
25
13.40 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
505.00 K  
99+
1,193.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
22.00 µm/(m·K)  
21
12.10 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
290.40 kJ/mol  
99+
399.60 kJ/mol  
24
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.03 kJ/mol  
99+
6.20 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.30 kJ/mol  
99+
431.00 kJ/mol  
21
Standard Molar Entropy
51.20 J/mol.K  
40
56.90 J/mol.K  
31
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