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Iridium Copper Comparison

Iridium
Copper
Copper Iridium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ir  
Cu  
Group Number
9  
9
11  
7
Period Number
6  
4  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7439885  
99+
7440508  
37
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Iridium element occurs as natural alloys of Platinum and Osmium.
  • Iridium element is known as the most corrosion resistance metal .
  
  • Copper rarely found in its pure form in nature.
  • Copper Sulfate is mostly used in agricultural poison and as an algicide in water purification system.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant  
-  
Discovery
In 1803  
In Middle East (9000 BCE)  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
23
0.00 %  
13
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
25
0.00 %  
12
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
29
0.01 %  
13
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.01 %  
17
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
8
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
10
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Iridium has an anti corrosion properties and it is used in special alloy with Osmium metal and that alloy is used in pen tips and compass bearings.
  
  • It is use for coinage and bullion.
  • Most of copper element is used in manufacturing electrical and electronic equipments such as wirings and components. It is also used in construction and industrial machine.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Chemical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys, Coinage, Jewellery  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
1.01 Blood/mg dm-3  
8
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
26.00 p.p.m.  
12
Physical
Melting Point
2,410.00 °C  
7
1,084.62 °C  
40
Boiling Point
4,527.00 °C  
10
2,562.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Copper  
Luster
Metallic  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.50  
5
3.00  
13
Brinell Hardness
1,670.00 MPa  
5
235.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
1,760.00 MPa  
8
343.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
4,825.00 m/s  
17
3,810.00 m/s  
26
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.40  
7
1.10  
99+
Reflectivity
78.00 %  
8
90.00 %  
4
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Ir  
Cu  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
34  
5
29  
10
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20  
5
1.90  
12
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20  
8
1.98  
11
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.55  
12
1.75  
4
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.20  
6
1.49  
27
Allen Electronegativity
1.68  
20
1.85  
12
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80  
99+
2.10  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
9
745.50 kJ/mol  
22
2nd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol  
36
1,957.90 kJ/mol  
15
3rd Energy Level
2,256.10 kJ/mol  
99+
3,555.00 kJ/mol  
15
4th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,536.00 kJ/mol  
21
5th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
8
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
17
6th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
25
9,900.00 kJ/mol  
16
7th Energy level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
13,400.00 kJ/mol  
7
8th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
16,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
9th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
19,200.00 kJ/mol  
9
10th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
23
22,400.00 kJ/mol  
11
11th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
20
25,600.00 kJ/mol  
13
12th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
40
35,600.00 kJ/mol  
27
13th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
15
38,700.00 kJ/mol  
6
14th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
14
42,000.00 kJ/mol  
7
15th Energy Level
88,000.00 kJ/mol  
8
46,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
88,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
50,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
26
53,700.00 kJ/mol  
12
18th Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
15
61,100.00 kJ/mol  
10
19th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
24
64,702.00 kJ/mol  
11
20th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
14
163,700.00 kJ/mol  
2
21st Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
37
174,100.00 kJ/mol  
2
22nd Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
12
184,900.00 kJ/mol  
1
23rd Energy Level
8,800.00 kJ/mol  
7
198,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
24th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
8
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
25th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
6
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
26th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
6
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
27th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
5
745.50 kJ/mol  
18
28th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
8
745.50 kJ/mol  
24
29th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
9
745.50 kJ/mol  
25
30th Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol  
6
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.14 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.19 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.55 eV  
18
4.65 eV  
16
Other Chemical Properties
Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
77  
39
29  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2  
[Ar] 3d10 4s1  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Iridium.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Copper.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
74  
99+
29  
99+
Number of Neutrons
110  
28
35  
99+
Number of Electrons
74  
99+
29  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
136.00 pm  
99+
128.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
141.00 pm  
99+
132.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
202.00 pm  
34
140.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
192.22 amu  
34
63.55 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
9.53 cm3/mol  
99+
7.10 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Osmium
  
Nickel
  
Next Element
Platinum
  
Zinc
  
Valence Electron Potential
140.00 (-eV)  
5
34.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
383.90 pm  
29
361.49 pm  
39
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58  
35
1.28  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
22.56 g/cm3  
10
8.96 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.00 g/cm3  
13
8.02 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
2,000.00 MPa  
2
210.00 MPa  
19
Viscosity
0.00  
21
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
1.53 (Pa)  
8
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
26
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
210.00 GPa  
2
48.00 GPa  
15
Bulk Modulus
320.00 GPa  
3
140.00 GPa  
12
Young's Modulus
528.00 GPa  
1
120.00 GPa  
19
Poisson Ratio
0.26  
22
0.34  
10
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.78  
12
8.89  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
16
0.00 H/m  
19
Susceptibility
0.00  
5
0.00  
31
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
47.10 nΩ·m  
99+
16.78 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω  
10
0.60 106/cm Ω  
2
Electron Affinity
151.00 kJ/mol  
4
222.80 kJ/mol  
1
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.38 J/(kg K)  
15
Molar Heat Capacity
25.10 J/mol·K  
99+
24.44 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
147.00 W/m·K  
10
401.00 W/m·K  
2
Critical Temperature
2,719.00 K  
8
1,358.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
6.40 µm/(m·K)  
99+
16.50 µm/(m·K)  
27
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
799.10 kJ/mol  
1
283.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
35.23 kJ/mol  
1
7.11 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
837.00 kJ/mol  
1
338.90 kJ/mol  
39
Standard Molar Entropy
35.50 J/mol.K  
99+
33.20 J/mol.K  
99+
Summary >>
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