Iridium Terbium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Ir
Tb
Group Number
9
9
Not Available
Period Number
6
6
Block
d block
f block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Lanthanide
CAS Number
7439885
99+
7440279
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
225.00
2
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Iridium element occurs as natural alloys of Platinum and Osmium.
- Iridium element is known as the most corrosion resistance metal .
- At times Terbium metal acts same as Calcium.
- Terbium metal closely similar to Lanthanum metal.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Found with Other Rare Earth Metals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant
Carl Gustaf Mosander
Discovery
In 1803
In 1842
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %
22
5 * 10-8 %
27
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %
25
~0.00000001 %
29
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
29
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
40
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
0.00 %
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Iridium has an anti corrosion properties and it is used in special alloy with Osmium metal and that alloy is used in pen tips and compass bearings.
- Terbium salts are used in optical devices like laser devices.
- Terbium’s alloy lengthens and shortens the magnetic field and this effect forms loudspeaker.
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Low Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
Physical Properties
Melting Point
2,410.00 °C
7
1,356.00 °C
33
Boiling Point
4,527.00 °C
10
3,123.00 °C
29
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
6.50
5
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
1,670.00 MPa
5
677.00 MPa
17
Vickers Hardness
1,760.00 MPa
3
863.00 MPa
13
Speed of Sound
4,825.00 m/s
13
2,620.00 m/s
35
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
78.00 %
6
Not Available
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ir
Tb
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
34
5
26
13
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20
4
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.55
11
1.10
30
Allen Electronegativity
1.68
17
Not Available
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80
99+
Not Available
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
880.00 kJ/mol
9
603.40 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol
35
1,174.80 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
Not Available
2,417.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available
4,203.00 kJ/mol
31
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.14 g/amp-hr
99+
1.98 g/amp-hr
31
Electron Work Function
4.55 eV
13
3.00 eV
36
Other Chemical Properties
Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
77
39
65
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2
[Xe] 4f9 6s2
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Iridium.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Terbium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
74
99+
65
99+
Number of Neutrons
110
27
94
36
Number of Electrons
74
99+
65
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
136.00 pm
99+
177.00 pm
17
Covalent Radius
141.00 pm
99+
194.00 pm
16
Van der Waals Radius
202.00 pm
27
221.00 pm
22
Atomic Weight
192.22 amu
34
158.93 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
9.53 cm3/mol
99+
19.20 cm3/mol
22
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
140.00 (-eV)
5
46.80 (-eV)
33
Lattice Constant
383.90 pm
26
360.10 pm
36
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
1.58
13
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
22.56 g/cm3
10
8.23 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.00 g/cm3
3
7.65 g/cm3
30
Tensile Strength
2,000.00 MPa
2
60.00 MPa
17
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
29
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
25
12.50 (Pa)
8
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
210.00 GPa
2
22.10 GPa
32
Bulk Modulus
320.00 GPa
3
38.70 GPa
33
Young's Modulus
528.00 GPa
1
55.70 GPa
34
Poisson Ratio
0.26
22
0.26
21
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
21.78
3
8.23
39
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
47.10 nΩ·m
99+
1.15 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω
10
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
151.00 kJ/mol
4
50.00 kJ/mol
21
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
0.18 J/(kg K)
33
Molar Heat Capacity
25.10 J/mol·K
99+
28.91 J/mol·K
9
Thermal Conductivity
147.00 W/m·K
10
11.10 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
6.40 µm/(m·K)
99+
10.30 µm/(m·K)
38
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
799.10 kJ/mol
1
330.90 kJ/mol
26
Enthalpy of Fusion
35.23 kJ/mol
1
10.80 kJ/mol
34
Enthalpy of Atomization
837.00 kJ/mol
1
314.00 kJ/mol
33
Standard Molar Entropy
35.50 J/mol.K
99+
73.20 J/mol.K
10
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