Lanthanum Lithium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
La
Li
Group Number
Not Available
1
17
Period Number
6
2
Block
f block
s block
Element Family
Lanthanide
Alkali
CAS Number
7439910
99+
7439932
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
194.00
5
229.00
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Lanthanum metal is highly malleable, ductile and sectile.
- If exposed to air Lanthanum metal oxidizes rapidly.
- Heat capacity of Lithium is very high.
- Lithium inflammable and highly explosive metal, hence it has to be stored properly.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Carl Gustaf Mosander
Johan August Arfwedson
Discovery
In 1838
In 1817
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %
22
6 * 10-7 %
18
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %
25
~0.00017 %
11
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
32
0.00 %
22
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
19
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
29
0.00 %
15
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
0.00 %
16
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- It has no commercial uses, but its alloys are in high demand. Lanthanum and Nickel alloy is used for the hydrogen gas storage.
- The best-known use for mischmetal alloy of Lanthanum is; as a ‘flints’ for cigarette lighters.
- The main usage of Lithium is manufacturing rechargeable batteries for electronic equipment and gadgets.
- it is also used in manufacturing non-rechargeable batteries.
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Low Toxic
NA
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
Not Available
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
27
In Bone
0.08 p.p.m.
24
1.30 p.p.m.
17
Physical Properties
Melting Point
920.00 °C
99+
180.54 °C
99+
Boiling Point
3,469.00 °C
18
1,347.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Luster
NA
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
2.50
14
0.60
21
Brinell Hardness
350.00 MPa
30
5.00 MPa
99+
Vickers Hardness
360.00 MPa
26
Not Available
Speed of Sound
2,475.00 m/s
37
6,000.00 m/s
3
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
La
Li
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
31
8
8
30
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.10
99+
0.98
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
0.89
26
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.08
31
0.97
38
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
0.97
19
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
0.91
99+
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.90
10
3.02
8
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
538.10 kJ/mol
99+
520.20 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,067.00 kJ/mol
99+
7,298.10 kJ/mol
3
3rd Energy Level
1,850.30 kJ/mol
99+
11,815.00 kJ/mol
4
4th Energy Level
4,819.00 kJ/mol
22
Not Available
5th Energy Level
5,940.00 kJ/mol
25
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.73 g/amp-hr
99+
0.26 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
3.50 eV
31
2.90 eV
37
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
57
99+
3
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 5d2 6s2
[He] 2s1
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Lanthanum.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
57
99+
3
99+
Number of Neutrons
82
99+
4
99+
Number of Electrons
57
99+
3
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
187.00 pm
8
152.00 pm
31
Covalent Radius
207.00 pm
6
128.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
240.00 pm
13
182.00 pm
35
Atomic Weight
138.91 amu
99+
6.94 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
20.73 cm3/mol
16
13.10 cm3/mol
39
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
40.71 (-eV)
99+
19.00 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
377.20 pm
28
351.00 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.62
2
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
6.16 g/cm3
99+
0.53 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.94 g/cm3
99+
0.51 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
109.00 (Pa)
2
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.98 (Pa)
15
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
14.30 GPa
40
4.20 GPa
99+
Bulk Modulus
27.90 GPa
99+
11.00 GPa
99+
Young's Modulus
36.60 GPa
99+
4.90 GPa
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.28
17
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
6.17
99+
0.53
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
615.00 nΩ·m
7
92.80 nΩ·m
33
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
0.11 106/cm Ω
19
Electron Affinity
48.00 kJ/mol
23
59.60 kJ/mol
16
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)
32
3.60 J/(kg K)
1
Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K
21
24.86 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
13.40 W/m·K
99+
84.80 W/m·K
20
Critical Temperature
Not Available
3,223.00 K
1
Thermal Expansion
12.10 µm/(m·K)
32
46.00 µm/(m·K)
7
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
399.60 kJ/mol
17
134.70 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
6.20 kJ/mol
99+
3.00 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
431.00 kJ/mol
16
160.70 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
56.90 J/mol.K
23
29.10 J/mol.K
99+
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