Lead Platinum Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Pb
Pt
Group Number
14
4
10
8
Period Number
6
6
Block
p block
d block
Element Family
Post-Transition
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7439921
99+
7440064
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
225.00
2
225.00
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Galena mineral contains almost 87% of Lead metal in it, Galena is sulfide mineral.
- The best available source of Lead metal today is by recycling automobile batteries.
- Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
- Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Unknown
Antonio de Ulloa
Discovery
In Middle Easterns (7000 BCE)
In 1735
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %
16
5 * 10-7 %
19
Abundance In Sun
~0.000001 %
18
~0.0000009 %
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
23
0.00 %
25
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
26
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
22
Not Available
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
8
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- It is also used in insecticides, hair dyes and as an anti-knocking additive for petrol. But all these are banned by the government as Lead metal is known for detrimental to health.
- Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
- Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry
Medical Uses
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
In Blood
0.21 Blood/mg dm-3
11
Not Available
In Bone
30.00 p.p.m.
10
Not Available
Physical Properties
Melting Point
327.50 °C
99+
1,772.00 °C
16
Boiling Point
1,740.00 °C
99+
3,827.00 °C
15
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Gray
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
1.50
18
3.50
11
Brinell Hardness
38.00 MPa
99+
300.00 MPa
34
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
400.00 MPa
25
Speed of Sound
1,190.00 m/s
99+
2,800.00 m/s
29
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
Not Available
73.00 %
8
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pb
Pt
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
35
4
35
4
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.87
13
2.28
3
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.29
4
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.55
11
1.44
17
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.41
2
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
1.85
8
1.72
16
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
1.67
99+
1.72
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol
31
870.00 kJ/mol
10
2nd Energy Level
1,450.50 kJ/mol
99+
1,791.00 kJ/mol
21
3rd Energy Level
3,081.50 kJ/mol
23
Not Available
4th Energy Level
4,083.00 kJ/mol
35
Not Available
5th Energy Level
6,640.00 kJ/mol
20
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.87 g/amp-hr
9
1.82 g/amp-hr
35
Electron Work Function
4.25 eV
21
5.65 eV
1
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
82
34
78
38
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Lead.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
82
34
78
38
Number of Neutrons
125
19
117
24
Number of Electrons
82
34
78
38
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
175.00 pm
19
139.00 pm
39
Covalent Radius
146.00 pm
38
136.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
202.00 pm
27
175.00 pm
36
Atomic Weight
207.20 amu
30
47.87 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
18.17 cm3/mol
27
9.09 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
24.20 (-eV)
99+
392.42 (-eV)
1
Lattice Constant
495.08 pm
16
392.42 pm
24
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
11.34 g/cm3
33
21.45 g/cm3
11
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.66 g/cm3
15
19.77 g/cm3
2
Tensile Strength
12.00 MPa
20
125.00 MPa
14
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
1.64 (Pa)
7
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
0.07 (Pa)
18
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
5.60 GPa
99+
61.00 GPa
14
Bulk Modulus
46.00 GPa
24
230.00 GPa
6
Young's Modulus
16.00 GPa
99+
168.00 GPa
14
Poisson Ratio
0.44
3
0.38
6
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
11.35
25
21.45
4
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Permeability
Not Available
0.00 H/m
3
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
208.00 nΩ·m
16
105.00 nΩ·m
30
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω
36
0.10 106/cm Ω
21
Electron Affinity
35.10 kJ/mol
28
205.30 kJ/mol
2
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
Molar Heat Capacity
26.65 J/mol·K
26
25.86 J/mol·K
35
Thermal Conductivity
35.30 W/m·K
38
71.60 W/m·K
24
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
28.90 µm/(m·K)
13
8.80 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
179.40 kJ/mol
99+
510.50 kJ/mol
11
Enthalpy of Fusion
4.77 kJ/mol
99+
19.70 kJ/mol
12
Enthalpy of Atomization
194.60 kJ/mol
99+
565.00 kJ/mol
11
Standard Molar Entropy
64.80 J/mol.K
17
41.60 J/mol.K
36
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