Lead Titanium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Pb
Ti
Group Number
14
4
4
14
Period Number
6
4
Block
p block
d block
Element Family
Post-Transition
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7439921
99+
7440326
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
225.00
2
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Galena mineral contains almost 87% of Lead metal in it, Galena is sulfide mineral.
- The best available source of Lead metal today is by recycling automobile batteries.
- The only metal which burns in Nitrogen is Titanium.
- Titanium is also known as corrosion resistant metal.
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Unknown
W. Gregor & J. Berzelius
Discovery
In Middle Easterns (7000 BCE)
In 1791
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %
16
3 * 10-4 %
9
Abundance In Sun
~0.000001 %
18
~0.0004 %
9
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
23
0.05 %
11
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
26
0.66 %
7
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
22
0.00 %
15
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
8
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- It is also used in insecticides, hair dyes and as an anti-knocking additive for petrol. But all these are banned by the government as Lead metal is known for detrimental to health.
- Its alloys are used in spacecraft, aircraft and ammunition industry.
- Its pipes are used in distillation plants, submarines, hulls of big ships, etc.
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
0.21 Blood/mg dm-3
11
0.05 Blood/mg dm-3
16
In Bone
30.00 p.p.m.
10
Not Available
Physical Properties
Melting Point
327.50 °C
99+
1,660.00 °C
18
Boiling Point
1,740.00 °C
99+
3,287.00 °C
22
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Gray
Silvery Gray-White
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
1.50
18
6.00
6
Brinell Hardness
38.00 MPa
99+
716.00 MPa
15
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
830.00 MPa
14
Speed of Sound
1,190.00 m/s
99+
5,090.00 m/s
9
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pb
Ti
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
35
4
23
16
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.87
13
1.54
26
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.29
4
1.09
20
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.55
11
1.32
23
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.41
2
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
1.85
8
1.38
32
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
1.67
99+
2.46
28
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol
31
658.80 kJ/mol
39
2nd Energy Level
1,450.50 kJ/mol
99+
1,309.80 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
3,081.50 kJ/mol
23
2,652.50 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
4,083.00 kJ/mol
35
4,174.60 kJ/mol
32
5th Energy Level
6,640.00 kJ/mol
20
9,581.00 kJ/mol
5
6th Energy Level
Not Available
11,533.00 kJ/mol
6
7th Energy level
Not Available
13,590.00 kJ/mol
6
8th Energy Level
Not Available
16,440.00 kJ/mol
8
9th Energy Level
Not Available
18,530.00 kJ/mol
11
10th Energy Level
Not Available
20,833.00 kJ/mol
15
11th Energy Level
Not Available
25,575.00 kJ/mol
14
12th Energy Level
Not Available
28,125.00 kJ/mol
14
13th Energy Level
Not Available
76,015.00 kJ/mol
1
14th Energy Level
Not Available
83,280.00 kJ/mol
2
15th Energy Level
Not Available
90,880.00 kJ/mol
3
16th Energy Level
Not Available
100,700.00 kJ/mol
4
17th Energy Level
Not Available
109,100.00 kJ/mol
5
18th Energy Level
Not Available
117,800.00 kJ/mol
6
19th Energy Level
Not Available
129,900.00 kJ/mol
7
20th Energy Level
Not Available
137,530.00 kJ/mol
9
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.87 g/amp-hr
9
0.45 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.25 eV
21
4.33 eV
17
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Chemical Stability, Ionization
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
82
34
22
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2
[Ar] 3d2 4s2
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Lead.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Titanium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
82
34
22
99+
Number of Neutrons
125
19
26
99+
Number of Electrons
82
34
22
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
175.00 pm
19
147.00 pm
34
Covalent Radius
146.00 pm
38
160.00 pm
30
Van der Waals Radius
202.00 pm
27
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
207.20 amu
30
47.87 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
18.17 cm3/mol
27
10.64 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
24.20 (-eV)
99+
95.20 (-eV)
10
Lattice Constant
495.08 pm
16
295.08 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
11.34 g/cm3
33
4.51 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.66 g/cm3
15
4.11 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
12.00 MPa
20
434.00 MPa
9
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
1.64 (Pa)
7
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
0.98 (Pa)
14
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
5.60 GPa
99+
44.00 GPa
17
Bulk Modulus
46.00 GPa
24
110.00 GPa
15
Young's Modulus
16.00 GPa
99+
116.00 GPa
18
Poisson Ratio
0.44
3
0.32
12
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
11.35
25
4.51
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor
Poor Conductor
Resistivity
208.00 nΩ·m
16
420.00 nΩ·m
12
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω
36
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
35.10 kJ/mol
28
7.60 kJ/mol
37
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
0.52 J/(kg K)
9
Molar Heat Capacity
26.65 J/mol·K
26
25.06 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
35.30 W/m·K
38
21.90 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
28.90 µm/(m·K)
13
8.60 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
179.40 kJ/mol
99+
429.00 kJ/mol
15
Enthalpy of Fusion
4.77 kJ/mol
99+
15.48 kJ/mol
19
Enthalpy of Atomization
194.60 kJ/mol
99+
468.60 kJ/mol
15
Standard Molar Entropy
64.80 J/mol.K
17
27.30 J/mol.K
99+
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