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Lutetium vs Cesium


Cesium vs Lutetium


Periodic Table

Symbol
Lu   
Cs   

Group Number
Not Available   
1   
17

Period Number
6   
6   

Block
f block   
s block   

Element Family
Lanthanide   
Alkali   

CAS Number
7439943   
99+
7440462   
40

Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
Im_ 3m   

Space Group Number
194.00   
5
229.00   
1

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Metal dust of Lutetium element is highly explosive.
  • Lutetium metal is corrosion resistance and acts stable in air.
  
Not Available   

Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Georges Urbain and Carl Auer von Welsbach   
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff   

Discovery
In 1906   
In 1860   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-8 %   
30
8 * 10-8 %   
24

Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %   
26
~0.0000008 %   
20

Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
38

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
35

Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
17

Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
17

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Lutetium metal is used outside research. It has commercial uses like Industrial catalyst for cracking oil refineries of hydrocarbons .
  
  • The most common use of cesium metal is as a drilling fluid. It is also used in optical glass manufacturing.
  • In vacuum tubes and radiation monitor equipment this metal is used as a catalyst promoter.
  

Industrial Uses
NA   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   

Medical Uses
NA   
NA   

Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Low Toxic   
Mildly Toxic   

Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   

In Blood
Not Available   
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
28

In Bone
Not Available   
0.05 p.p.m.   
26

Physical Properties

Melting Point
1,652.00 °C   
19
28.50 °C   
99+

Boiling Point
3,402.00 °C   
19
678.40 °C   
99+

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Silvery White   
Silvery Gold   

Luster
Metallic   
NA   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
0.20   
25

Brinell Hardness
893.00 MPa   
10
0.14 MPa   
99+

Vickers Hardness
1,160.00 MPa   
8
Not Available   

Speed of Sound
Not Available   
Not Available   

Optical Properties
  
  

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Lu   
Cs   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
35   
4
36   
3

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.27   
34
0.79   
99+

Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
0.22   
33

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.14   
28
0.86   
99+

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
0.62   
26

Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
0.66   
99+

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.73   
20
3.21   
2

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
523.50 kJ/mol   
99+
375.70 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
1,340.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,234.30 kJ/mol   
8

3rd Energy Level
2,022.30 kJ/mol   
99+
3,400.00 kJ/mol   
16

4th Energy Level
4,370.00 kJ/mol   
28
Not Available   

5th Energy Level
6,445.00 kJ/mol   
21
Not Available   

Electrochemical Equivalent
2.18 g/amp-hr   
23
4.96 g/amp-hr   
3

Electron Work Function
3.30 eV   
33
2.14 eV   
99+

Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
71   
99+
55   
99+

Electron Configuration
[Xe] 6s2 4f14 5d1   
[Xe] 6s1   

Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   

Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
71   
99+
55   
99+

Number of Neutrons
104   
30
78   
99+

Number of Electrons
71   
99+
55   
99+

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
174.00 pm   
20
265.00 pm   
1

Covalent Radius
187.00 pm   
20
244.00 pm   
2

Van der Waals Radius
221.00 pm   
22
343.00 pm   
2

Atomic Weight
174.97 amu   
40
132.91 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
17.78 cm3/mol   
30
71.07 cm3/mol   
1

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Ytterbium
  
Tin
  

Next Element
Hafnium
  
Barium
  

Valence Electron Potential
50.90 (-eV)   
26
8.62 (-eV)   
99+

Lattice Constant
350.31 pm   
99+
614.10 pm   
5

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   

Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59   
10
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
9.84 g/cm3   
38
1.93 g/cm3   
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.30 g/cm3   
22
1.84 g/cm3   
99+

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
33
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
3.18 (Pa)   
11
Not Available   

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
27.20 GPa   
26
Not Available   

Bulk Modulus
47.60 GPa   
23
1.60 GPa   
99+

Young's Modulus
68.60 GPa   
30
1.70 GPa   
99+

Poisson Ratio
0.26   
21
Not Available   

Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
9.84   
29
1.87   
99+

Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Conductor   
Semiconductor   

Resistivity
582.00 nΩ·m   
9
205.00 nΩ·m   
17

Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.05 106/cm Ω   
35

Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
45.50 kJ/mol   
25

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.15 J/(kg K)   
36
0.24 J/(kg K)   
23

Molar Heat Capacity
26.86 J/mol·K   
24
32.21 J/mol·K   
4

Thermal Conductivity
16.40 W/m·K   
99+
35.90 W/m·K   
36

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
1,938.00 K   
5

Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)   
40
97.00 µm/(m·K)   
1

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
355.90 kJ/mol   
22
65.90 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Fusion
18.70 kJ/mol   
13
2.10 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Atomization
398.00 kJ/mol   
20
78.20 kJ/mol   
99+

Standard Molar Entropy
51.00 J/mol.K   
30
85.20 J/mol.K   
3

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