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Lutetium vs Europium

Lutetium
Europium
Europium vs Lutetium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Lu   
Eu   
Group Number
Not Available   
Not Available   
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
f block   
f block   
Element Family
Lanthanide   
Lanthanide   
CAS Number
7439943   
99+
7440531   
34
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Metal dust of Lutetium element is highly explosive.
  • Lutetium metal is corrosion resistance and acts stable in air.
  
Not Available   
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Georges Urbain and Carl Auer von Welsbach   
Eugène-Anatole Demarçay   
Discovery
In 1906   
In 1896   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-8 %   
30
5 * 10-8 %   
27
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %   
26
~0.00000005 %   
27
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
36
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Lutetium metal is used outside research. It has commercial uses like Industrial catalyst for cracking oil refineries of hydrocarbons .
  
  • Europium metals main uses is in the printing of euro banknotes. These notes glow red under UV light.
  • It is used in low energy light bulbs.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Chemical Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,652.00 °C   
19
822.00 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
3,402.00 °C   
19
1,597.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silvery White   
Luster
Metallic   
Lustrous   
Hardness
  
  
Brinell Hardness
893.00 MPa   
10
Not Available   
Vickers Hardness
1,160.00 MPa   
8
167.00 MPa   
34
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Lu   
Eu   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35   
4
31   
8
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.27   
34
1.20   
39
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.01   
22
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.14   
28
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.73   
20
Not Available   
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
523.50 kJ/mol   
99+
547.10 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,340.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,085.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,022.30 kJ/mol   
99+
2,404.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
4,370.00 kJ/mol   
28
4,120.00 kJ/mol   
33
5th Energy Level
6,445.00 kJ/mol   
21
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.18 g/amp-hr   
23
1.89 g/amp-hr   
33
Electron Work Function
3.30 eV   
33
2.50 eV   
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
71   
99+
63   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 6s2 4f14 5d1   
[Xe] 4f7 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
71   
99+
63   
99+
Number of Neutrons
104   
30
89   
38
Number of Electrons
71   
99+
63   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
174.00 pm   
20
180.00 pm   
14
Covalent Radius
187.00 pm   
20
198.00 pm   
13
Van der Waals Radius
221.00 pm   
22
233.00 pm   
18
Atomic Weight
174.97 amu   
40
151.96 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
17.78 cm3/mol   
30
28.90 cm3/mol   
8
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Ytterbium
  
Samarium
  
Next Element
Hafnium
  
Gadolinium
  
Valence Electron Potential
50.90 (-eV)   
26
45.60 (-eV)   
35
Lattice Constant
350.31 pm   
99+
458.10 pm   
17
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59   
10
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
9.84 g/cm3   
38
5.26 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.30 g/cm3   
22
5.13 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
120.00 MPa   
15
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
33
19.40 (Pa)   
4
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
3.18 (Pa)   
11
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
27.20 GPa   
26
7.90 GPa   
99+
Bulk Modulus
47.60 GPa   
23
8.30 GPa   
99+
Young's Modulus
68.60 GPa   
30
18.20 GPa   
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.26   
21
0.15   
34
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
9.84   
29
5.24   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
582.00 nΩ·m   
9
0.90 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.15 J/(kg K)   
36
0.18 J/(kg K)   
33
Molar Heat Capacity
26.86 J/mol·K   
24
27.66 J/mol·K   
16
Thermal Conductivity
16.40 W/m·K   
99+
13.90 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)   
40
35.00 µm/(m·K)   
8
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
355.90 kJ/mol   
22
143.50 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
18.70 kJ/mol   
13
9.21 kJ/mol   
37
Enthalpy of Atomization
398.00 kJ/mol   
20
180.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
51.00 J/mol.K   
30
77.80 J/mol.K   
4
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