Symbol
Lu
  
Na
  
Group Number
Not Available
  
Period Number
6
  
3
  
Block
f block
  
s block
  
Element Family
Lanthanide
  
Alkali
  
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
  
Im_ 3m
  
Interesting Facts
- Metal dust of Lutetium element is highly explosive.
- Lutetium metal is corrosion resistance and acts stable in air.
  
- At room temperature Sodium metal is very soft as it can be chopped down into pieces with butter knife.
- The most common compound of Sodium is NaCl (Salt).
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
  
By Electrolysis Process, Mining
  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Georges Urbain and Carl Auer von Welsbach
  
Humphry Davy
  
Discovery
In 1906
  
In 1807
  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %
  
26
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
  
Uses & Benefits
- Lutetium metal is used outside research. It has commercial uses like Industrial catalyst for cracking oil refineries of hydrocarbons .
  
- In some nuclear reactors sodium is used as a heat exchanger.
- Compound of Sodium metals called Salt (Sodium chloride) is used in Food.
  
Industrial Uses
NA
  
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
  
Medical Uses
NA
  
Pharmaceutical Industry
  
Other Uses
Alloys
  
Alloys
  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic
  
Toxic
  
Present in Human Body
No
  
Yes
  
In Blood
Not Available
  
1,970.00 Blood/mg dm-3
  
1
In Bone
Not Available
  
10,000.00 p.p.m.
  
2
Melting Point
1,652.00 °C
  
19
Boiling Point
3,402.00 °C
  
19
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid
  
Solid
  
Color
Silvery White
  
Silvery White
  
Luster
Metallic
  
Metallic
  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
  
Vickers Hardness
1,160.00 MPa
  
8
Not Available
  
Speed of Sound
Not Available
  
3,200.00 m/s
  
24
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No
  
No
  
α Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
β Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
γ Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Chemical Formula
Lu
  
Na
  
Isotopes
  
  
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
523.50 kJ/mol
  
99+
495.80 kJ/mol
  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,340.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
4,562.00 kJ/mol
  
4
3rd Energy Level
2,022.30 kJ/mol
  
99+
6,910.30 kJ/mol
  
6
4th Energy Level
4,370.00 kJ/mol
  
28
9,543.00 kJ/mol
  
5
5th Energy Level
6,445.00 kJ/mol
  
21
13,354.00 kJ/mol
  
4
6th Energy Level
Not Available
  
16,613.00 kJ/mol
  
4
7th Energy level
Not Available
  
20,117.00 kJ/mol
  
4
8th Energy Level
Not Available
  
25,496.00 kJ/mol
  
4
9th Energy Level
Not Available
  
28,932.00 kJ/mol
  
4
10th Energy Level
Not Available
  
141,362.00 kJ/mol
  
2
11th Energy Level
Not Available
  
159,076.00 kJ/mol
  
2
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.18 g/amp-hr
  
23
0.86 g/amp-hr
  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
  
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
  
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 6s2 4f14 5d1
  
[Ne] 3s1
  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
  
Atom
  
  
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Volume
17.78 cm3/mol
  
30
23.70 cm3/mol
  
10
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Valence Electron Potential
50.90 (-eV)
  
26
14.10 (-eV)
  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
  
π/2, π/2, π/2
  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
  
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
0.97 g/cm3
  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.93 g/cm3
  
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Viscosity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
  
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
  
NA
  
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
  
Paramagnetic
  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor
  
Conductor
  
Resistivity
47.70 nΩ·m
  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
  
99+
0.21 106/cm Ω
  
9
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
  
21
52.80 kJ/mol
  
19
Specific Heat
0.15 J/(kg K)
  
36
1.23 J/(kg K)
  
3
Molar Heat Capacity
26.86 J/mol·K
  
24
28.23 J/mol·K
  
10
Thermal Conductivity
16.40 W/m·K
  
99+
142.00 W/m·K
  
11
Critical Temperature
Not Available
  
Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)
  
40
71.00 µm/(m·K)
  
4
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
355.90 kJ/mol
  
22
89.04 kJ/mol
  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
18.70 kJ/mol
  
13
2.59 kJ/mol
  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
398.00 kJ/mol
  
20
108.40 kJ/mol
  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
51.00 J/mol.K
  
30
51.30 J/mol.K
  
28