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Magnesium vs Actinium

Magnesium
Actinium
Actinium vs Magnesium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Mg  
Ac  
Group Number
2  
16
Not Available  
Period Number
3  
7  
Block
s block  
f block  
Element Family
Alkaline Earth  
Actinide  
CAS Number
7439954  
99+
7440348  
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
5
225.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Magnesium ions are present in every chlorophyll of every green plant .
  • Controlling Magnesium fire by pouring water on it will result in explosions.
  
Not Available  
Sources
By Electrolysis Process, In Ocean, Mining  
Obtained by Treating Radium with Neutrons, Ores of metals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Joseph Black  
Friedrich Oskar Giesel  
Discovery
In 1755  
In 1902  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-2 %  
2
Not Available  
Abundance In Sun
~0.07 %  
2
~-9999 %  
Abundance In Meteorites
12.00 %  
2
Not Available  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.90 %  
4
Not Available  
Abundance In Oceans
0.13 %  
2
Not Available  
Abundance In Humans
0.03 %  
4
Not Available  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Magnesium aluminum alloy improves the mechanical strength and welding characteristics and hence it is used in aeroplane and car manufacturing.
  • It is also used to remove sulfur from the molten iron and steel.
  
  • Actinium metal has a great source of alpha rays but it is hardly used outside research purpose.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Pharmaceutical Industry  
NA  
Medical Uses
NA  
NA  
Other Uses
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
37.80 Blood/mg dm-3  
5
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
1,800.00 p.p.m.  
4
0.00 p.p.m.  
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
650.00 °C  
99+
1,227.00 °C  
38
Boiling Point
1,107.00 °C  
99+
3,200.00 °C  
26
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Gray  
Silvery White  
Luster
NA  
NA  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.50  
14
Not Available  
Brinell Hardness
260.00 MPa  
36
Not Available  
Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s  
11
Not Available  
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
74.00 %  
7
Not Available  
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
Not Available  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Mg  
Ac  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
15  
24
29  
10
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.31  
31
1.10  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.32  
18
Not Available  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.23  
25
1.00  
36
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.37  
16
Not Available  
Allen Electronegativity
1.29  
35
Not Available  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.69  
23
2.90  
10
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol  
24
499.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,450.70 kJ/mol  
99+
1,170.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
7,732.70 kJ/mol  
5
1,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
10,542.50 kJ/mol  
4
4,700.00 kJ/mol  
23
5th Energy Level
13,630.00 kJ/mol  
3
Not Available  
6th Energy Level
18,020.00 kJ/mol  
3
Not Available  
7th Energy level
21,711.00 kJ/mol  
3
Not Available  
8th Energy Level
25,661.00 kJ/mol  
3
Not Available  
9th Energy Level
31,653.00 kJ/mol  
3
Not Available  
10th Energy Level
35,458.00 kJ/mol  
5
Not Available  
11th Energy Level
169,988.00 kJ/mol  
1
Not Available  
12th Energy Level
189,368.00 kJ/mol  
1
Not Available  
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.45 g/amp-hr  
99+
2.82 g/amp-hr  
18
Electron Work Function
3.66 eV  
29
Not Available  
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Highly Inflammable, Ionization, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
12  
99+
89  
29
Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s2  
[Rn] 6d1 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Magnesium.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Actinium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
12  
99+
89  
29
Number of Neutrons
12  
99+
138  
16
Number of Electrons
12  
99+
89  
29
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
160.00 pm  
27
195.00 pm  
7
Covalent Radius
141.00 pm  
99+
Not Available  
Van der Waals Radius
173.00 pm  
37
Not Available  
Atomic Weight
24.31 amu  
99+
227.00 amu  
25
Atomic Volume
13.97 cm3/mol  
37
22.54 cm3/mol  
11
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Sodium
  
Radium
  
Next Element
Aluminium
  
Thorium
  
Valence Electron Potential
40.00 (-eV)  
99+
38.60 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
320.94 pm  
99+
567.00 pm  
8
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available  
Not Available  
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
1.74 g/cm3  
99+
10.00 g/cm3  
37
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.58 g/cm3  
99+
Not Available  
Tensile Strength
Not Available  
Not Available  
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
17.00 GPa  
37
Not Available  
Bulk Modulus
45.00 GPa  
25
Not Available  
Young's Modulus
45.00 GPa  
39
Not Available  
Poisson Ratio
0.29  
15
Not Available  
Other Mechanical Properties
NA  
NA  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
1.74  
99+
10.07  
28
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Unknown  
Resistivity
43.90 nΩ·m  
99+
Not Available  
Electrical Conductivity
0.23 106/cm Ω  
7
Not Available  
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
40
Not Available  
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
1.02 J/(kg K)  
4
0.12 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
24.87 J/mol·K  
99+
27.20 J/mol·K  
18
Thermal Conductivity
156.00 W/m·K  
8
12.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available  
Not Available  
Thermal Expansion
24.80 µm/(m·K)  
15
Not Available  
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
128.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Not Available  
Enthalpy of Fusion
8.95 kJ/mol  
39
Not Available  
Enthalpy of Atomization
148.50 kJ/mol  
99+
301.00 kJ/mol  
36
Standard Molar Entropy
32.70 J/mol.K  
99+
56.50 J/mol.K  
25
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