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Magnesium
Magnesium

Ytterbium
Ytterbium



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Magnesium Ytterbium Comparison

1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Mg
Yb
1.2 Group Number
2NA
Gadolinium Metal
0 17
1.3 Period Number
36
Lithium Metal
2 7
1.4 Block
s block
f block
1.5 Element Family
Alkaline Earth
Lanthanide
1.6 CAS Number
74399547440644
Aluminium Metal
7429905 54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Fm_ 3m
1.8 Space Group Number
194.00225.00
Plutonium Metal
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • Magnesium ions are present in every chlorophyll of every green plant .
  • Controlling Magnesium fire by pouring water on it will result in explosions.
  • Ytterbium metal oxidizes rapidly if exposed to air.
  • Ytterbium metal can dissolve quickly in Mineral acid.
2.2 Sources
By Electrolysis Process, In Ocean, Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Joseph Black
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
2.3.2 Discovery
In 1755
In 1878
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-2 %2 * 10-7 %
Thallium Metal
5E-09 0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.07 %~0.0000001 %
Beryllium Metal
1E-08 0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
12.00 %0.00 %
Gold Metal
1.7E-07 22
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.90 %0.00 %
Radium Metal
9.9E-12 8.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
0.13 %0.00 %
Protactinium Metal
2E-23 1.1
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
0.03 %NA
Radium Metal
1E-13 1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • Magnesium aluminum alloy improves the mechanical strength and welding characteristics and hence it is used in aeroplane and car manufacturing.
  • It is also used to remove sulfur from the molten iron and steel.
  • Ytterbium metal is used in memory devices and tuneable laser.
  • It is also used as industrial catalyst as the other catalysts are too toxic and polluting.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Pharmaceutical Industry
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
NA
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Alloys
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Non Toxic
Highly Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
37.80 Blood/mg dm-3NA
Plutonium Metal
0 1970
3.2.4 In Bone
1,800.00 p.p.m.NA
Plutonium Metal
0 170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
650.00 °C824.00 °C
Francium Metal
27 3410
4.2 Boiling Point
1,107.00 °C1,196.00 °C
Flerovium Metal
147 5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Gray
Silvery White
4.3.3 Luster
NA
Metallic
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
2.50NA
Cesium Metal
0.2 8.5
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
260.00 MPa343.00 MPa
Cesium Metal
0.14 3490
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
NA206.00 MPa
Palladium Metal
121 3430
4.5 Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s1,590.00 m/s
Thallium Metal
818 16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury Metal
1.000933 1.7229
4.6.2 Reflectivity
74.00 %NA
Molybdenum Metal
58 97
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
Mg
Yb
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
1530
Tennessine Metal
0 38
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
1.31NA
Francium Metal
0.7 2.54
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
1.32NA
Cesium Metal
0.22 2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.231.06
Cesium Metal
0.86 1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.37NA
Cesium Metal
0.62 2.48
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
1.29NA
Cesium Metal
0.659 2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.69NA
Gold Metal
1.46 3.3
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol603.40 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
375.7 26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,450.70 kJ/mol1,174.80 kJ/mol
Ruthenium Metal
710.2162 28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
7,732.70 kJ/mol2,417.00 kJ/mol
Osmium Metal
1600 34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
10,542.50 kJ/mol4,203.00 kJ/mol
Thorium Metal
2780 37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
13,630.00 kJ/molNA
Dubnium Metal
4305.2 97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
18,020.00 kJ/molNA
Seaborgium Metal
5715.8 105800
5.5.7 7th Energy level
21,711.00 kJ/molNA
Bohrium Metal
7226.8 114300
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
25,661.00 kJ/molNA
Hassium Metal
8857.4 125300
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
31,653.00 kJ/molNA
Yttrium Metal
14110 134700
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
35,458.00 kJ/molNA
Strontium Metal
17100 144300
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
169,988.00 kJ/molNA
Yttrium Metal
19900 169988
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
189,368.00 kJ/molNA
Molybdenum Metal
22219 189368
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
26930 76015
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
29196 86450
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese Metal
41987 97510
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron Metal
47206 109480
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt Metal
52737 122200
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel Metal
58570 134810
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper Metal
64702 148700
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
80400 171200
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
87000 179100
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
93400 184900
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
98420 198800
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
104400 195200
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
121900 121900
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
127700 127700
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
133800 133800
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
139800 139800
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
148100 148100
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum Metal
154500 154500
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.45 g/amp-hr2.15 g/amp-hr
Beryllium Metal
0.16812 8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
3.66 eVNA
Cesium Metal
2.14 5.65
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Highly Inflammable, Ionization, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
1270
Lithium Metal
3 117
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s2
[Xe] 4f14 6s2
6.3 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
1270
Lithium Metal
3 117
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
12103
Lithium Metal
4 184
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
1270
Lithium Metal
3 117
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
160.00 pm176.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
112 265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
141.00 pm187.00 pm
Beryllium Metal
96 260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
173.00 pm242.00 pm
Zinc Metal
139 348
6.6 Atomic Weight
24.31 amu173.05 amu
Lithium Metal
6.94 294
6.7 Atomic Volume
13.97 cm3/mol24.79 cm3/mol
Manganese Metal
1.39 71.07
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
40.00 (-eV)50.30 (-eV)
Francium Metal
8 392.42
6.10 Lattice Constant
320.94 pm548.47 pm
Beryllium Metal
228.58 891.25
6.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
NANA
Beryllium Metal
1.567 1.886
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
1.74 g/cm36.90 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.534 40.7
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.58 g/cm36.21 g/cm3
Lithium Metal
0.512 20
7.2 Tensile Strength
NA58.00 MPa
Indium Metal
2.5 11000
7.3 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury Metal
0.001526 0.001526
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
NANA
Cerium Metal
2.47E-11 121
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NANA
Tungsten Metal
2.62E-10 774
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
17.00 GPa9.90 GPa
Potassium Metal
1.3 222
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
45.00 GPa30.50 GPa
Cesium Metal
1.6 462
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
45.00 GPa23.90 GPa
Cesium Metal
1.7 528
7.6 Poisson Ratio
0.290.21
Beryllium Metal
0.032 0.47
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
1.746.97
Lithium Metal
0.53 4500
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth Metal
1.25643E-06 0.0063
8.1.4 Susceptibility
NANA
Bismuth Metal
-0.000166 200000
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
8.2.2 Resistivity
43.90 nΩ·m0.25 nΩ·m
Thallium Metal
0.18 961
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.23 106/cm Ω0.04 106/cm Ω
Plutonium Metal
0.00666 0.63
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol50.00 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
0 222.8
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
1.02 J/(kg K)0.15 J/(kg K)
Americium Metal
0.11 3.6
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
24.87 J/mol·K26.74 J/mol·K
Beryllium Metal
16.443 62.7
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
156.00 W/m·K38.50 W/m·K
Neptunium Metal
6.3 429
9.4 Critical Temperature
NA26.30 K
Mercury
26.3 3223
9.5 Thermal Expansion
24.80 µm/(m·K)26.30 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten Metal
4.5 97
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
128.70 kJ/mol128.90 kJ/mol
Zinc Metal
7.32 799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
8.95 kJ/mol7.66 kJ/mol
Cesium Metal
2.1 35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
148.50 kJ/mol180.00 kJ/mol
Mercury Metal
61.5 837
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
32.70 J/mol.K59.90 J/mol.K
Beryllium Metal
9.5 198.1