Symbol
Mg
Group Number
2
Rank: 16 (Overall)
0
17
👆🏻
Period Number
3
Rank: 5 (Overall)
2
7
👆🏻
Block
s block
Element Family
Alkaline Earth
CAS Number
7439954
Rank: 83 (Overall)
7429905
54386242
👆🏻
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
Rank: 7 (Overall)
11
276
👆🏻
Interesting Facts
- Magnesium ions are present in every chlorophyll of every green plant .
- Controlling Magnesium fire by pouring water on it will result in explosions.
Sources
By Electrolysis Process, In Ocean, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Joseph Black
Discovery
In 1755
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.06 %
Rank: 3 (Overall)
0
0.11
👆🏻
Abundance In Sun
0.07 %
Rank: 2 (Overall)
0
0.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Meteorites
12.00 %
Rank: 2 (Overall)
0
22
👆🏻
Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.90 %
Rank: 4 (Overall)
1E-37
8.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Oceans
0.13 %
Rank: 2 (Overall)
0
1.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Humans
0.03 %
Rank: 5 (Overall)
0
1.4
👆🏻
Uses & Benefits
- Magnesium aluminum alloy improves the mechanical strength and welding characteristics and hence it is used in aeroplane and car manufacturing.
-
It is also used to remove sulfur from the molten iron and steel.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Pharmaceutical Industry
Medical Uses
-
Other Uses
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
✔
✘
83% - Alkaline Earth Metals Metals have it !
In Blood
37.80 Blood/mg dm-3
Rank: 5 (Overall)
0
1970
👆🏻
In Bone
1,800.00 p.p.m.
Rank: 4 (Overall)
0
170000
👆🏻
Melting Point
650.00 °C
Rank: 61 (Overall)
-38.83
3410
👆🏻
Boiling Point
1,107.00 °C
Rank: 68 (Overall)
0
5660
👆🏻
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Color
Gray
Luster
-
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
2.50
Rank: 15 (Overall)
0.2
8.5
👆🏻
Brinell Hardness
260.00 MPa
Rank: 44 (Overall)
0.14
3490
👆🏻
Vickers Hardness
260.00 MPa
Rank: 48 (Overall)
0
3920
👆🏻
Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s
Rank: 15 (Overall)
818
16200
👆🏻
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.49
Rank: 37 (Overall)
0.155
3.41
👆🏻
Reflectivity
74.00 %
Rank: 9 (Overall)
5
97
👆🏻
Allotropes
✔
✘
No - Alkaline Earth Metals Metals has it !
α Allotropes
-
β Allotropes
-
γ Allotropes
-
Chemical Formula
Mg
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
15
Rank: 24 (Overall)
0
38
👆🏻
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.31
Rank: 32 (Overall)
0
2.6
👆🏻
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.32
Rank: 24 (Overall)
0.22
2.56
👆🏻
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.23
Rank: 26 (Overall)
0.86
1.9
👆🏻
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.37
Rank: 30 (Overall)
0.62
2.48
👆🏻
Allen Electronegativity
1.29
Rank: 41 (Overall)
0.659
2.7
👆🏻
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.69
Rank: 23 (Overall)
1.46
3.3
👆🏻
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol
Rank: 24 (Overall)
375.7
26130
👆🏻
2nd Energy Level
1,450.70 kJ/mol
Rank: 43 (Overall)
392.8
28750
👆🏻
3rd Energy Level
7,732.70 kJ/mol
Rank: 5 (Overall)
392.8
34230
👆🏻
4th Energy Level
10,542.50 kJ/mol
Rank: 4 (Overall)
375.7
37066
👆🏻
5th Energy Level
13,630.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 3 (Overall)
392
97510
👆🏻
6th Energy Level
18,020.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 3 (Overall)
1007
105800
👆🏻
7th Energy level
21,711.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 3 (Overall)
1007
114300
👆🏻
8th Energy Level
25,661.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 3 (Overall)
730
125300
👆🏻
9th Energy Level
31,653.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 3 (Overall)
1007
134700
👆🏻
10th Energy Level
35,458.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 5 (Overall)
392
144300
👆🏻
11th Energy Level
169,988.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 1 (Overall)
392
169988
👆🏻
12th Energy Level
189,368.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 1 (Overall)
0
189368
👆🏻
13th Energy Level
7,370.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 24 (Overall)
1007
76015
👆🏻
14th Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol
Rank: 77 (Overall)
380
86450
👆🏻
15th Energy Level
73,700.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 21 (Overall)
33000
100700
👆🏻
16th Energy Level
73,770.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 16 (Overall)
375.7
109480
👆🏻
17th Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol
Rank: 37 (Overall)
375.7
122200
👆🏻
18th Energy Level
7,370.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 27 (Overall)
0
134810
👆🏻
19th Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol
Rank: 34 (Overall)
375.7
148700
👆🏻
20th Energy Level
737.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 28 (Overall)
0
171200
👆🏻
21st Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol
Rank: 46 (Overall)
375.7
179100
👆🏻
22nd Energy Level
738.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 22 (Overall)
330
184900
👆🏻
23rd Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol
Rank: 47 (Overall)
357.6
198800
👆🏻
24th Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol
Rank: 20 (Overall)
297.3
195200
👆🏻
25th Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol
Rank: 20 (Overall)
0
121900
👆🏻
26th Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol
Rank: 20 (Overall)
357.6
127700
👆🏻
27th Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol
Rank: 19 (Overall)
0
133800
👆🏻
28th Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol
Rank: 25 (Overall)
297.3
139800
👆🏻
29th Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol
Rank: 26 (Overall)
0
148100
👆🏻
30th Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol
Rank: 20 (Overall)
0
154500
👆🏻
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.45 g/amp-hr
Rank: 73 (Overall)
0.16812
8.3209
👆🏻
Electron Work Function
3.66 eV
Rank: 40 (Overall)
2.14
6
👆🏻
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Highly Inflammable, Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Number
12
Rank: 89 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
Atom
Number of Protons
12
Rank: 88 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Number of Neutrons
12
Rank: 67 (Overall)
4
285
👆🏻
Number of Electrons
12
Rank: 88 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
160.00 pm
Rank: 29 (Overall)
0
348
👆🏻
Covalent Radius
141.00 pm
Rank: 45 (Overall)
0
260
👆🏻
Van der Waals Radius
173.00 pm
Rank: 44 (Overall)
0
348
👆🏻
Atomic Weight
24.31 amu
Rank: 83 (Overall)
6.94
294
👆🏻
Atomic Volume
13.97 cm3/mol
Rank: 54 (Overall)
1.39
71.07
👆🏻
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
Next Element
Valence Electron Potential
40.00 (-eV)
Rank: 48 (Overall)
0
392.42
👆🏻
Lattice Constant
320.94 pm
Rank: 61 (Overall)
0
891.25
👆🏻
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.62
Rank: 15 (Overall)
0.423
1.9
👆🏻
Density
Density At Room Temperature
1.74 g/cm3
Rank: 84 (Overall)
0.534
40.7
👆🏻
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.58 g/cm3
Rank: 85 (Overall)
0.512
41
👆🏻
Tensile Strength
150.00 MPa
Rank: 25 (Overall)
0.1
11000
👆🏻
Viscosity
0.00
Rank: 24 (Overall)
1.5E-05
0.0035
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 22 (Overall)
0
121
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 30 (Overall)
0
774
👆🏻
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
17.00 GPa
Rank: 47 (Overall)
1.3
222
👆🏻
Bulk Modulus
45.00 GPa
Rank: 29 (Overall)
0
462
👆🏻
Young's Modulus
45.00 GPa
Rank: 43 (Overall)
0
528
👆🏻
Poisson Ratio
0.29
Rank: 15 (Overall)
0.032
0.47
👆🏻
Other Mechanical Properties
-
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
1.74
Rank: 82 (Overall)
0.53
4500
👆🏻
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m
Rank: 8 (Overall)
1.25643E-06
0.0063
👆🏻
Susceptibility
0.00
Rank: 33 (Overall)
-0.000166
200000
👆🏻
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Resistivity
43.90 nΩ·m
Rank: 45 (Overall)
0.1
961
👆🏻
Electrical Conductivity
0.23 106/cm Ω
Rank: 7 (Overall)
0
0.63
👆🏻
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 49 (Overall)
0
222.8
👆🏻
Specific Heat
1.02 J/(kg K)
Rank: 4 (Overall)
0.1
3.6
👆🏻
Molar Heat Capacity
24.87 J/mol·K
Rank: 56 (Overall)
13.1
62.7
👆🏻
Thermal Conductivity
156.00 W/m·K
Rank: 8 (Overall)
0
429
👆🏻
Critical Temperature
923.00 K
Rank: 63 (Overall)
26.3
3695
👆🏻
Thermal Expansion
24.80 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 15 (Overall)
4.5
97
👆🏻
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
128.70 kJ/mol
Rank: 74 (Overall)
7.32
799.1
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Fusion
8.95 kJ/mol
Rank: 45 (Overall)
2.1
35.23
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Atomization
148.50 kJ/mol
Rank: 65 (Overall)
61.5
837
👆🏻
Standard Molar Entropy
32.70 J/mol.K
Rank: 63 (Overall)
9.5
198.1
👆🏻