Neodymium Silver Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Nd
Ag
Group Number
1
17
11
7
Period Number
6
5
Block
f block
d block
Element Family
Lanthanide
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440008
99+
7440224
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
194.00
5
225.00
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Neodymium is not found free in nature, hence it is not a native metal.
- Neodymium metal found in minerals like Monazite and Bastnaesite.
- It is the most reflective element.
- Silver is the second most ductile metal after Gold.
- It is also used in Dentistry as a dental alloys for clips and crowning.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Ores of metals
History
Who Discovered
Carl Auer von Welsbach
Unknown
Discovery
In 1885
Before 5000 BC
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %
16
6 * 10-8 %
26
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000003 %
24
~0.0000001 %
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
30
0.00 %
38
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
20
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
30
0.00 %
19
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Neodymium-Iron-boron alloy is used to make permanent magnets.
- It is used in microphones, Mp3 player, loudspeakers, mobile phones, etc.
- Silver is mainly used for Jewelry and show piece.
- It is used for manufacturing high quality mirrors due to its reflectivity property.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
In Blood
Not Available
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
29
In Bone
Not Available
0.44 p.p.m.
20
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,010.00 °C
99+
961.93 °C
99+
Boiling Point
3,127.00 °C
28
2,212.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
2.50
14
Brinell Hardness
265.00 MPa
35
251.00 MPa
37
Vickers Hardness
345.00 MPa
27
229.00 MPa
30
Speed of Sound
2,330.00 m/s
38
2,680.00 m/s
34
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
Not Available
97.00 %
1
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Nd
Ag
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
30
9
36
3
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.14
99+
1.93
9
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
1.83
11
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07
32
1.42
18
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
1.47
15
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
1.87
7
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.86
13
2.07
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol
99+
731.00 kJ/mol
27
2nd Energy Level
1,040.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,070.00 kJ/mol
11
3rd Energy Level
2,130.00 kJ/mol
99+
3,361.00 kJ/mol
19
4th Energy Level
3,900.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.79 g/amp-hr
37
4.02 g/amp-hr
7
Electron Work Function
3.20 eV
34
4.26 eV
20
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
60
99+
47
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f4 6s2
[Kr] 4d10 5s1
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Neodymium.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Silver.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
60
99+
47
99+
Number of Neutrons
84
40
61
99+
Number of Electrons
60
99+
47
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
181.00 pm
13
144.00 pm
36
Covalent Radius
201.00 pm
10
145.00 pm
39
Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm
20
172.00 pm
38
Atomic Weight
144.24 amu
99+
107.87 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
20.60 cm3/mol
18
10.30 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
43.40 (-eV)
99+
11.40 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
365.80 pm
30
408.53 pm
20
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.61
4
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
7.01 g/cm3
99+
10.49 g/cm3
35
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.89 g/cm3
36
9.32 g/cm3
21
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
21
0.00 (Pa)
14
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
101.00 (Pa)
2
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
16.30 GPa
38
30.00 GPa
23
Bulk Modulus
31.80 GPa
37
100.00 GPa
16
Young's Modulus
41.40 GPa
40
83.00 GPa
23
Poisson Ratio
0.28
16
0.37
7
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
7.00
99+
10.50
26
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Susceptibility
Not Available
0.00
5
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
NA
Conductor
Resistivity
643.00 nΩ·m
6
15.87 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
0.63 106/cm Ω
1
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
21
125.60 kJ/mol
5
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)
32
0.24 J/(kg K)
25
Molar Heat Capacity
27.45 J/mol·K
17
25.35 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
16.50 W/m·K
99+
429.00 W/m·K
1
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
9.60 µm/(m·K)
99+
18.90 µm/(m·K)
23
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
273.00 kJ/mol
34
255.10 kJ/mol
37
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.14 kJ/mol
99+
11.30 kJ/mol
31
Enthalpy of Atomization
322.00 kJ/mol
32
284.50 kJ/mol
37
Standard Molar Entropy
71.50 J/mol.K
13
42.60 J/mol.K
35
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