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Neodymium vs Gold

Neodymium
Gold
Gold vs Neodymium


Periodic Table
Symbol
-  
Au  
Group Number
1  
17
11  
7
Period Number
6  
6  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Lanthanide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440008  
99+
7440575  
31
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Neodymium is not found free in nature, hence it is not a native metal.
  • Neodymium metal found in minerals like Monazite and Bastnaesite.
  
  • It is found in copper ores and from the crust of the earth.
  • It is the most malleable and ductile metal.
  • Gold alloys are used in Dentistry as fillings, crowning, clips, etc. It is also used as an artificial limb joints.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining  
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of metals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Carl Auer von Welsbach  
-  
Discovery
In 1885  
Before 6000 BCE  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
17
0.00 %  
27
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
20
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
30
0.00 %  
21
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
21
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Neodymium-Iron-boron alloy is used to make permanent magnets.
  • It is used in microphones, Mp3 player, loudspeakers, mobile phones, etc.
  
  • Gold metal is mainly used for Jewelry, bullion, coinage, etc.
  • It is used in the art, decoration, ornaments, etc. It is also used for electroplating process.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
34
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
38
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.02 p.p.m.  
35
Physical
Melting Point
1,010.00 °C  
99+
1,064.43 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
3,127.00 °C  
29
2,807.00 °C  
37
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Gold  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.00  
3
2.50  
15
Brinell Hardness
265.00 MPa  
99+
194.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
345.00 MPa  
99+
216.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,330.00 m/s  
99+
2,030.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.64  
30
0.47  
99+
Reflectivity
80.00 %  
7
95.00 %  
2
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
-  
Au  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
30  
9
36  
3
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.14  
99+
2.54  
2
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.14  
35
1.50  
18
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07  
33
1.42  
19
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.14  
99+
1.87  
15
Allen Electronegativity
1.14  
99+
1.92  
7
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.86  
13
1.46  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
8
2nd Energy Level
1,040.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,980.00 kJ/mol  
12
3rd Energy Level
2,130.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,856.00 kJ/mol  
33
4th Energy Level
3,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
5,330.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
6
6th Energy Level
5,330.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
24
7th Energy level
5,331.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
21
8th Energy Level
5,360.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,900.00 kJ/mol  
20
9th Energy Level
5,330.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
20
10th Energy Level
5,330.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
21
11th Energy Level
5,330.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
19
12th Energy Level
5,330.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,900.00 kJ/mol  
39
13th Energy Level
5,330.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,900.00 kJ/mol  
14
14th Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
53,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
89,000.00 kJ/mol  
7
16th Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
25
18th Energy Level
5,331.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,901.00 kJ/mol  
14
19th Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
23
20th Energy Level
536.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.00 kJ/mol  
13
21st Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
35
22nd Energy Level
533.00 kJ/mol  
99+
890.00 kJ/mol  
11
23rd Energy Level
5,331.00 kJ/mol  
27
890.10 kJ/mol  
38
24th Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
6
25th Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol  
99+
890.00 kJ/mol  
5
26th Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
5
27th Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
4
28th Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
7
29th Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
8
30th Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol  
99+
890.10 kJ/mol  
5
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.79 g/amp-hr  
99+
2.45 g/amp-hr  
25
Electron Work Function
3.20 eV  
99+
5.10 eV  
8
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization  
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
60  
99+
79  
37
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f4 6s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1  
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Neodymium.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Gold.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
60  
99+
79  
37
Number of Neutrons
84  
99+
118  
24
Number of Electrons
60  
99+
79  
37
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
181.00 pm  
15
151.00 pm  
34
Covalent Radius
201.00 pm  
10
144.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm  
25
166.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
144.24 amu  
99+
196.97 amu  
33
Atomic Volume
20.60 cm3/mol  
28
10.20 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Praseodymium
  
Platinum
  
Next Element
Promethium
  
Mercury
  
Valence Electron Potential
43.40 (-eV)  
99+
43.40 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
365.80 pm  
33
407.82 pm  
24
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.61  
18
1.61  
18
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.01 g/cm3  
99+
19.30 g/cm3  
15
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.89 g/cm3  
99+
17.31 g/cm3  
16
Tensile Strength
345.00 MPa  
13
120.00 MPa  
27
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
23
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
23
0.00 (Pa)  
25
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
101.00 (Pa)  
2
67.00 (Pa)  
4
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
16.30 GPa  
99+
27.00 GPa  
34
Bulk Modulus
31.80 GPa  
99+
180.00 GPa  
9
Young's Modulus
41.40 GPa  
99+
79.00 GPa  
26
Poisson Ratio
0.28  
16
0.40  
4
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.00  
99+
19.32  
17
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
7
0.00 H/m  
10
Susceptibility
0.00  
9
0.00  
22
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Conductor  
Resistivity
643.00 nΩ·m  
6
2.20 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.45 106/cm Ω  
3
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
222.80 kJ/mol  
1
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)  
33
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
27.45 J/mol·K  
22
25.42 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
16.50 W/m·K  
99+
318.00 W/m·K  
3
Critical Temperature
1,297.00 K  
99+
1,337.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
9.60 µm/(m·K)  
99+
14.20 µm/(m·K)  
29
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
273.00 kJ/mol  
99+
324.40 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.14 kJ/mol  
99+
12.55 kJ/mol  
33
Enthalpy of Atomization
322.00 kJ/mol  
99+
364.00 kJ/mol  
34
Standard Molar Entropy
71.50 J/mol.K  
13
47.40 J/mol.K  
99+
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