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Neodymium vs Tantalum

Neodymium
Tantalum
Tantalum vs Neodymium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Nd   
Ta   
Group Number
1   
17
5   
13
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
f block   
d block   
Element Family
Lanthanide   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440008   
99+
7440257   
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Neodymium is not found free in nature, hence it is not a native metal.
  • Neodymium metal found in minerals like Monazite and Bastnaesite.
  
  • Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
  • Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Carl Auer von Welsbach   
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg   
Discovery
In 1885   
In 1802   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %   
16
8 * 10-9 %   
31
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000003 %   
24
~-9999 %   
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
30
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
20
0.00 %   
37
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
30
0.00 %   
31
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Neodymium-Iron-boron alloy is used to make permanent magnets.
  • It is used in microphones, Mp3 player, loudspeakers, mobile phones, etc.
  
  • Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
  • Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Low Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Bone
Not Available   
0.03 p.p.m.   
28
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,010.00 °C   
99+
2,996.00 °C   
4
Boiling Point
3,127.00 °C   
28
5,425.00 °C   
4
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Gray Blue   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
6.50   
5
Brinell Hardness
265.00 MPa   
35
440.00 MPa   
28
Vickers Hardness
345.00 MPa   
27
870.00 MPa   
12
Speed of Sound
2,330.00 m/s   
38
3,400.00 m/s   
22
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
78.00 %   
6
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Nd   
Ta   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
30   
9
31   
8
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.14   
99+
1.50   
27
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07   
32
1.33   
22
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.34   
33
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.86   
13
2.50   
27
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol   
99+
761.00 kJ/mol   
18
2nd Energy Level
1,040.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,500.00 kJ/mol   
40
3rd Energy Level
2,130.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
4th Energy Level
3,900.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.79 g/amp-hr   
37
1.35 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
3.20 eV   
34
4.25 eV   
21
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization   
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
60   
99+
73   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f4 6s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Neodymium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
60   
99+
73   
99+
Number of Neutrons
84   
40
108   
28
Number of Electrons
60   
99+
73   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
181.00 pm   
13
146.00 pm   
35
Covalent Radius
201.00 pm   
10
170.00 pm   
25
Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm   
20
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
144.24 amu   
99+
180.95 amu   
38
Atomic Volume
20.60 cm3/mol   
18
10.90 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Praseodymium
  
Hafnium
  
Next Element
Promethium
  
Tungsten
  
Valence Electron Potential
43.40 (-eV)   
99+
110.00 (-eV)   
7
Lattice Constant
365.80 pm   
30
330.13 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.61   
4
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.01 g/cm3   
99+
16.69 g/cm3   
18
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.89 g/cm3   
36
15.00 g/cm3   
9
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
21
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
101.00 (Pa)   
2
0.00 (Pa)   
31
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
16.30 GPa   
38
69.00 GPa   
13
Bulk Modulus
31.80 GPa   
37
200.00 GPa   
8
Young's Modulus
41.40 GPa   
40
186.00 GPa   
13
Poisson Ratio
0.28   
16
0.34   
10
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.00   
99+
16.65   
11
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
NA   
Conductor   
Resistivity
643.00 nΩ·m   
6
131.00 nΩ·m   
25
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.08 106/cm Ω   
27
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
31.00 kJ/mol   
29
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)   
32
0.14 J/(kg K)   
37
Molar Heat Capacity
27.45 J/mol·K   
17
25.36 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
16.50 W/m·K   
99+
57.50 W/m·K   
27
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
9.60 µm/(m·K)   
99+
6.30 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
273.00 kJ/mol   
34
753.10 kJ/mol   
2
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.14 kJ/mol   
99+
31.40 kJ/mol   
3
Enthalpy of Atomization
322.00 kJ/mol   
32
782.00 kJ/mol   
3
Standard Molar Entropy
71.50 J/mol.K   
13
41.50 J/mol.K   
37
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