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Neodymium vs Tungsten

Neodymium
Tungsten
Tungsten vs Neodymium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Nd   
W   
Group Number
1   
17
6   
12
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
f block   
d block   
Element Family
Lanthanide   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440008   
99+
7440337   
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Neodymium is not found free in nature, hence it is not a native metal.
  • Neodymium metal found in minerals like Monazite and Bastnaesite.
  
  • Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
  • Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Carl Auer von Welsbach   
Not Available   
Discovery
In 1885   
In 1781   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %   
16
5 * 10-8 %   
27
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000003 %   
24
~0.0000004 %   
23
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
30
0.00 %   
39
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
20
0.00 %   
39
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
30
0.00 %   
18
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Neodymium-Iron-boron alloy is used to make permanent magnets.
  • It is used in microphones, Mp3 player, loudspeakers, mobile phones, etc.
  
  • Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
  • Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
31
In Bone
Not Available   
0.00 p.p.m.   
35
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,010.00 °C   
99+
3,410.00 °C   
1
Boiling Point
3,127.00 °C   
28
5,660.00 °C   
1
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Grayish White   
Luster
Metallic   
Lustrous   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
7.50   
2
Brinell Hardness
265.00 MPa   
35
2,000.00 MPa   
4
Vickers Hardness
345.00 MPa   
27
3,430.00 MPa   
1
Speed of Sound
2,330.00 m/s   
38
4,620.00 m/s   
16
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
62.00 %   
13
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Nd   
W   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
30   
9
33   
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.14   
99+
2.36   
2
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
0.98   
23
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07   
32
1.40   
19
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.47   
29
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.86   
13
1.64   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol   
99+
770.00 kJ/mol   
16
2nd Energy Level
1,040.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,700.00 kJ/mol   
29
3rd Energy Level
2,130.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
4th Energy Level
3,900.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.79 g/amp-hr   
37
1.14 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
3.20 eV   
34
4.55 eV   
13
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
60   
99+
74   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f4 6s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Neodymium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
60   
99+
74   
99+
Number of Neutrons
84   
40
110   
27
Number of Electrons
60   
99+
74   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
181.00 pm   
13
139.00 pm   
39
Covalent Radius
201.00 pm   
10
162.00 pm   
29
Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm   
20
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
144.24 amu   
99+
183.84 amu   
37
Atomic Volume
20.60 cm3/mol   
18
9.53 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Praseodymium
  
Tantalum
  
Next Element
Promethium
  
Rhenium
  
Valence Electron Potential
43.40 (-eV)   
99+
140.00 (-eV)   
5
Lattice Constant
365.80 pm   
30
316.52 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.61   
4
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.01 g/cm3   
99+
19.25 g/cm3   
16
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.89 g/cm3   
36
17.60 g/cm3   
5
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
370.00 MPa   
10
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
21
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
101.00 (Pa)   
2
0.00 (Pa)   
32
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
16.30 GPa   
38
161.00 GPa   
5
Bulk Modulus
31.80 GPa   
37
310.00 GPa   
4
Young's Modulus
41.40 GPa   
40
411.00 GPa   
4
Poisson Ratio
0.28   
16
0.28   
17
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.00   
99+
19.22   
9
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
NA   
Superconductor   
Resistivity
643.00 nΩ·m   
6
52.80 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.19 106/cm Ω   
10
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
78.60 kJ/mol   
13
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)   
32
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
Molar Heat Capacity
27.45 J/mol·K   
17
24.27 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
16.50 W/m·K   
99+
173.00 W/m·K   
7
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
9.60 µm/(m·K)   
99+
4.50 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
273.00 kJ/mol   
34
799.10 kJ/mol   
1
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.14 kJ/mol   
99+
35.23 kJ/mol   
1
Enthalpy of Atomization
322.00 kJ/mol   
32
837.00 kJ/mol   
1
Standard Molar Entropy
71.50 J/mol.K   
13
32.60 J/mol.K   
99+
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