1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
2.3 Period Number
2.6 Block
2.7 Element Family
Transition Metal
Actinide
2.8 CAS Number
74400537440348
7429905
54386242
2.11 Space Group Name
2.12 Space Group Number
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
- Palladium alloys are used for Jewelry contains (95% Palladium and 5% Ruthenium)
- In the late 1800s, Palladium metal used have more economical value than the Platinum metal.
- Palladium element is known as a good catalyst
Not Available
3.2 Sources
Ores of metals
Obtained by Treating Radium with Neutrons, Ores of metals
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
William Hyde Wollaston
Friedrich Oskar Giesel
3.3.2 Discovery
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
3.5.1 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000003 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
3.6.2 Abundance In Meteorites
3.7.1 Abundance In Earth's Crust
4.3.2 Abundance In Oceans
4.4.3 Abundance In Humans
6 Uses
6.1 Uses & Benefits
- Mostly palladium metal is used in catalytic converters. In electronic industry it is used in ceramic capacitors of mobile and computer.
- It is used in jewellery and dental fillings and crowns.
- Actinium metal has a great source of alpha rays but it is hardly used outside research purpose.
6.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
6.1.2 Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
6.1.3 Other Uses
Coinage, Bullion, Jewellery
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
6.2 Biological Properties
6.2.1 Toxicity
6.2.2 Present in Human Body
6.2.3 In Blood
NA0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
6.3.2 In Bone
7 Physical
7.1 Melting Point
1,554.90 °C1,227.00 °C
27
3410
7.2 Boiling Point
2,963.00 °C3,200.00 °C
147
5660
7.3 Appearance
7.3.1 Physical State
7.4.2 Color
7.4.3 Luster
7.5 Hardness
7.5.1 Mohs Hardness
7.6.2 Brinell Hardness
7.6.5 Vickers Hardness
7.8 Speed of Sound
7.10 Optical Properties
7.10.1 Refractive Index
7.10.3 Reflectivity
7.11 Allotropes
7.11.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.11.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.11.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8 Chemical
8.1 Chemical Formula
8.2 Isotopes
8.2.1 Known Isotopes
8.3 Electronegativity
8.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
8.3.6 Sanderson Electronegativity
8.3.9 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
8.3.12 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
8.3.15 Allen Electronegativity
8.4 Electropositivity
8.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
8.5 Ionization Energies
8.5.1 1st Energy Level
520.23 kJ/mol499.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
8.5.3 2nd Energy Level
7,298.22 kJ/mol1,170.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
8.5.5 3rd Energy Level
11,815.13 kJ/mol1,900.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
8.5.9 4th Energy Level
NA4,700.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
8.5.13 5th Energy Level
8.5.17 6th Energy Level
8.5.21 7th Energy level
8.5.25 8th Energy Level
8.5.31 9th Energy Level
8.6.2 10th Energy Level
8.7.2 11th Energy Level
9.4.2 12th Energy Level
9.4.5 13th Energy Level
9.5.2 14th Energy Level
9.5.6 15th Energy Level
9.6.1 16th Energy Level
9.9.1 17th Energy Level
9.10.2 18th Energy Level
10.1.2 19th Energy Level
10.1.5 20th Energy Level
10.3.1 21st Energy Level
10.5.2 22nd Energy Level
10.6.1 23rd Energy Level
10.7.2 24th Energy Level
11.1.1 25th Energy Level
11.1.3 26th Energy Level
12.1.2 27th Energy Level
12.1.5 28th Energy Level
12.1.8 29th Energy Level
12.2.3 30th Energy Level
12.3 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.99 g/amp-hr2.82 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
13.3 Electron Work Function
13.6 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
14 Atomic
14.1 Atomic Number
14.4 Electron Configuration
14.5 Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
14.5.1 Crystal Lattice
14.6 Atom
14.6.1 Number of Protons
14.8.3 Number of Neutrons
14.9.2 Number of Electrons
14.13 Radius of an Atom
14.13.1 Atomic Radius
137.00 pm195.00 pm
112
265
14.13.2 Covalent Radius
14.14.1 Van der Waals Radius
14.15 Atomic Weight
106.42 amu227.00 amu
6.94
294
15.2 Atomic Volume
8.90 cm3/mol22.54 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
15.3 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
15.3.1 Previous Element
15.3.2 Next Element
15.4 Valence Electron Potential
33.00 (-eV)38.60 (-eV)
8
392.42
15.5 Lattice Constant
389.07 pm567.00 pm
228.58
891.25
15.7 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
15.8 Lattice C/A Ratio
16 Mechanical
16.1 Density
16.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
12.02 g/cm310.00 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
16.2.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
16.4 Tensile Strength
16.5 Viscosity
16.6 Vapor Pressure
16.6.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
16.6.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
16.7 Elasticity properties
16.7.1 Shear Modulus
16.8.1 Bulk Modulus
16.9.1 Young's Modulus
17.2 Poisson Ratio
17.3 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable
NA
18 Magnetic
18.1 Magnetic Characteristics
18.1.1 Specific Gravity
18.1.3 Magnetic Ordering
18.1.4 Permeability
18.2.3 Susceptibility
18.3 Electrical Properties
18.3.1 Electrical Property
18.3.2 Resistivity
18.3.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm ΩNA
0.00666
0.63
18.3.5 Electron Affinity
20 Thermal
20.1 Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)0.12 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
20.3 Molar Heat Capacity
25.98 J/mol·K27.20 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
20.5 Thermal Conductivity
71.80 W/m·K12.00 W/m·K
6.3
429
20.6 Critical Temperature
20.8 Thermal Expansion
20.10 Enthalpy
20.10.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
376.60 kJ/molNA
7.32
799.1
20.11.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
20.11.4 Enthalpy of Atomization
393.30 kJ/mol301.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
20.12 Standard Molar Entropy
37.60 J/mol.K56.50 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1