1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
1.5 Element Family
Transition Metal
Actinide
1.6 CAS Number
744005322537195
7429905
54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
1.8 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Palladium alloys are used for Jewelry contains (95% Palladium and 5% Ruthenium)
- In the late 1800s, Palladium metal used have more economical value than the Platinum metal.
- Palladium element is known as a good catalyst
- It is synthetically produced metal.
- Radiation hazard can be produce by it.
2.2 Sources
Ores of metals
Bombarding Californium-252 with Boron Nuclei, Found in Minerals, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
William Hyde Wollaston
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000003 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
2 Uses
2.1 Uses & Benefits
- Mostly palladium metal is used in catalytic converters. In electronic industry it is used in ceramic capacitors of mobile and computer.
- It is used in jewellery and dental fillings and crowns.
- Currently known uses of Lawrencium metal are limited to research purpose only.
2.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
2.1.2 Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
2.1.3 Other Uses
Coinage, Bullion, Jewellery
NA
2.2 Biological Properties
2.2.1 Toxicity
2.2.2 Present in Human Body
2.2.3 In Blood
NA0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
2.3.2 In Bone
3 Physical
3.1 Melting Point
1,554.90 °C1,627.00 °C
27
3410
3.2 Boiling Point
3.3 Appearance
3.3.1 Physical State
3.3.2 Color
3.3.3 Luster
3.4 Hardness
3.4.1 Mohs Hardness
3.4.3 Brinell Hardness
3.4.5 Vickers Hardness
3.5 Speed of Sound
3.8 Optical Properties
3.8.1 Refractive Index
3.8.2 Reflectivity
3.9 Allotropes
3.9.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
3.9.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
3.9.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4 Chemical
4.1 Chemical Formula
4.2 Isotopes
4.2.1 Known Isotopes
4.3 Electronegativity
4.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
4.3.3 Sanderson Electronegativity
4.3.5 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
4.3.7 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
4.3.9 Allen Electronegativity
4.4 Electropositivity
4.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
4.5 Ionization Energies
4.5.1 1st Energy Level
520.23 kJ/mol470.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
4.5.3 2nd Energy Level
7,298.22 kJ/mol1,428.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
4.5.5 3rd Energy Level
11,815.13 kJ/mol2,228.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
4.5.6 4th Energy Level
NA4,910.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
4.5.8 5th Energy Level
4.5.9 6th Energy Level
4.5.11 7th Energy level
4.5.13 8th Energy Level
4.5.14 9th Energy Level
4.5.16 10th Energy Level
4.5.18 11th Energy Level
4.5.20 12th Energy Level
4.5.22 13th Energy Level
4.5.24 14th Energy Level
4.5.26 15th Energy Level
4.5.28 16th Energy Level
4.5.30 17th Energy Level
4.5.32 18th Energy Level
4.5.34 19th Energy Level
4.5.35 20th Energy Level
4.5.37 21st Energy Level
4.5.39 22nd Energy Level
4.5.41 23rd Energy Level
4.5.43 24th Energy Level
4.5.45 25th Energy Level
4.5.46 26th Energy Level
4.5.48 27th Energy Level
4.5.50 28th Energy Level
4.6.1 29th Energy Level
4.6.2 30th Energy Level
4.8 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.99 g/amp-hr3.23 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
4.9 Electron Work Function
4.11 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
5 Atomic
5.1 Atomic Number
5.2 Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10
[Rn] 5f14 7s2 7p1
5.3 Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
5.3.1 Crystal Lattice
5.4 Atom
5.4.1 Number of Protons
5.4.2 Number of Neutrons
5.4.3 Number of Electrons
5.5 Radius of an Atom
5.5.1 Atomic Radius
5.5.2 Covalent Radius
5.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
163.00 pm246.00 pm
139
348
5.6 Atomic Weight
106.42 amu266.00 amu
6.94
294
5.7 Atomic Volume
8.90 cm3/molNA
1.39
71.07
5.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
5.8.1 Previous Element
5.8.2 Next Element
5.9 Valence Electron Potential
5.10 Lattice Constant
389.07 pmNA
228.58
891.25
5.11 Lattice Angles
5.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
6 Mechanical
6.1 Density
6.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
6.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.2 Tensile Strength
6.3 Viscosity
6.4 Vapor Pressure
6.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
6.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
6.5 Elasticity properties
6.5.1 Shear Modulus
6.5.2 Bulk Modulus
6.5.3 Young's Modulus
6.6 Poisson Ratio
6.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable
Unknown
7 Magnetic
7.1 Magnetic Characteristics
7.1.1 Specific Gravity
7.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
7.1.3 Permeability
7.1.4 Susceptibility
7.2 Electrical Properties
7.2.1 Electrical Property
7.2.2 Resistivity
7.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm ΩNA
0.00666
0.63
7.2.4 Electron Affinity
8 Thermal
8.1 Specific Heat
8.2 Molar Heat Capacity
25.98 J/mol·KNA
16.443
62.7
8.3 Thermal Conductivity
8.4 Critical Temperature
8.5 Thermal Expansion
8.6 Enthalpy
8.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
376.60 kJ/molNA
7.32
799.1
8.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
8.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
8.7 Standard Molar Entropy
37.60 J/mol.KNA
9.5
198.1