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Palladium Uranium Comparison


Uranium Palladium comparison


Periodic Table

Symbol
Pd   
U   

Group Number
10   
8
0   
18

Period Number
5   
7   

Block
d block   
f block   

Element Family
Transition Metal   
Actinide   

CAS Number
7440053   
99+
7440611   
28

Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
Cmcm   

Space Group Number
225.00   
2
63.00   
10

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Palladium alloys are used for Jewelry contains (95% Palladium and 5% Ruthenium)
  • In the late 1800s, Palladium metal used have more economical value than the Platinum metal.
  • Palladium element is known as a good catalyst
  
  • Major mining countries of Uranium include Russia, Australia, Namibia, Canada and Niger and total 33% Uranium are mine in Kazakhstan.
  

Sources
Ores of metals   
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of Minerals   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
William Hyde Wollaston   
Not Available   

Discovery
In 1803   
In 1789   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-7 %   
22
2 * 10-8 %   
29

Abundance In Sun
~0.0000003 %   
24
~0.0000001 %   
26

Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
99+

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
36

Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
11

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Mostly palladium metal is used in catalytic converters. In electronic industry it is used in ceramic capacitors of mobile and computer.
  • It is used in jewellery and dental fillings and crowns.
  
  • The main use of this metal include nuclear fuel which is used to generate electricity yin nuclear power stations.
  • Synthetic elements like transuranium are made from Uranium metal.
  

Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electronic Industry   
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry   

Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
NA   

Other Uses
Coinage, Bullion, Jewellery   
Alloys, Jewellery, Nuclear Reactor's Fuel, Sculptures, Statues   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Toxic   
Toxic   

Present in Human Body
No   
No   

Physical Properties

Melting Point
1,554.90 °C   
22
1,132.00 °C   
39

Boiling Point
2,963.00 °C   
33
3,818.00 °C   
16

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Silver   
Silvery Gray   

Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
4.75   
9
6.00   
6

Brinell Hardness
320.00 MPa   
33
2,350.00 MPa   
2

Vickers Hardness
121.00 MPa   
36
1,960.00 MPa   
2

Speed of Sound
3,070.00 m/s   
26
3,155.00 m/s   
25

Optical Properties
  
  

Refractive Index
1.72   
1
Not Available   

Reflectivity
84.00 %   
4
Not Available   

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Pd   
U   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
38   
1
25   
14

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
2.20   
4
1.38   
28

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.35   
21
1.22   
26

Allen Electronegativity
1.59   
22
Not Available   

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
1.80   
99+
2.62   
26

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
520.23 kJ/mol   
99+
597.60 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
7,298.22 kJ/mol   
2
1,420.00 kJ/mol   
99+

3rd Energy Level
11,815.13 kJ/mol   
3
1,900.00 kJ/mol   
99+

4th Energy Level
Not Available   
3,145.00 kJ/mol   
99+

Electrochemical Equivalent
1.99 g/amp-hr   
30
1.48 g/amp-hr   
99+

Electron Work Function
5.12 eV   
3
3.63 eV   
30

Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
46   
99+
92   
26

Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10   
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2   

Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Orthorhombic (ORTH)   

Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Palladium.jpg#100   
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Uranium.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
46   
99+
92   
26

Number of Neutrons
60   
99+
146   
13

Number of Electrons
46   
99+
92   
26

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
137.00 pm   
40
156.00 pm   
29

Covalent Radius
139.00 pm   
99+
196.00 pm   
14

Van der Waals Radius
163.00 pm   
40
186.00 pm   
33

Atomic Weight
106.42 amu   
99+
238.03 amu   
21

Atomic Volume
8.90 cm3/mol   
99+
12.59 cm3/mol   
40

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Rhodium
  

Next Element
Silver
  
Neptunium
  

Valence Electron Potential
33.00 (-eV)   
99+
170.00 (-eV)   
4

Lattice Constant
389.07 pm   
25
295.08 pm   
99+

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
12.02 g/cm3   
29
19.10 g/cm3   
17

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.38 g/cm3   
17
17.30 g/cm3   
7

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
27
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
30
0.01 (Pa)   
20

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
44.00 GPa   
17
111.00 GPa   
10

Bulk Modulus
180.00 GPa   
9
100.00 GPa   
16

Young's Modulus
121.00 GPa   
16
208.00 GPa   
10

Poisson Ratio
0.39   
5
0.23   
30

Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable   
Ductile, Malleable   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
12.02   
21
18.80   
10

Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Paramagnetic   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Conductor   
Poor Conductor   

Resistivity
105.40 nΩ·m   
29
0.28 nΩ·m   
99+

Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω   
22
0.04 106/cm Ω   
37

Electron Affinity
54.23 kJ/mol   
17
Not Available   

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)   
23
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40

Molar Heat Capacity
25.98 J/mol·K   
33
27.67 J/mol·K   
15

Thermal Conductivity
71.80 W/m·K   
23
27.50 W/m·K   
40

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
11.80 µm/(m·K)   
33
13.90 µm/(m·K)   
27

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
376.60 kJ/mol   
19
477.00 kJ/mol   
13

Enthalpy of Fusion
16.74 kJ/mol   
18
15.48 kJ/mol   
19

Enthalpy of Atomization
393.30 kJ/mol   
22
489.50 kJ/mol   
14

Standard Molar Entropy
37.60 J/mol.K   
40
50.20 J/mol.K   
31

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