Platinum vs Americium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Pt
Am
Group Number
10
8
Not Available
Period Number
6
7
Block
d block
f block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Actinide
CAS Number
7440064
99+
7440359
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
225.00
2
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
- Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
- Americium metal is produced by bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons.
- Americium metal was discovered as a by-product while testing an atomic bomb (Manhattan Project).
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
Obtained By Bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons
History
Who Discovered
Antonio de Ulloa
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso
Discovery
In 1735
In 1944
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-7 %
19
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %
19
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
25
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
- Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
- Americium metal is used in smoke detection alarms.
- In the future, this metal has a potential to be used in batteries of spacecrafts.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry
NA
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
In Blood
Not Available
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
Not Available
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,772.00 °C
16
994.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
3,827.00 °C
15
2,607.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
3.50
11
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
300.00 MPa
34
Not Available
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa
25
Not Available
Speed of Sound
2,800.00 m/s
29
Not Available
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
73.00 %
8
Not Available
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pt
Am
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
35
4
16
23
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
2.28
3
1.30
32
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44
17
1.20
27
Allen Electronegativity
1.72
16
Not Available
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
1.72
99+
2.70
22
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol
10
578.00 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,791.00 kJ/mol
21
1,158.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
Not Available
2,132.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available
3,493.00 kJ/mol
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.82 g/amp-hr
35
3.02 g/amp-hr
17
Electron Work Function
5.65 eV
1
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
78
38
95
23
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
[Rn] 5f7 7s2
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Americium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
78
38
95
23
Number of Neutrons
117
24
148
12
Number of Electrons
78
38
95
23
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm
39
173.00 pm
21
Covalent Radius
136.00 pm
99+
180.00 pm
21
Van der Waals Radius
175.00 pm
36
244.00 pm
10
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu
99+
243.00 amu
20
Atomic Volume
9.09 cm3/mol
99+
17.86 cm3/mol
29
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
392.42 (-eV)
1
44.00 (-eV)
40
Lattice Constant
392.42 pm
24
346.81 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
21.45 g/cm3
11
12.00 g/cm3
30
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.77 g/cm3
2
Not Available
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa
14
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
13
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.07 (Pa)
18
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
61.00 GPa
14
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa
6
Not Available
Young's Modulus
168.00 GPa
14
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
0.38
6
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
21.45
4
13.67
15
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m
3
Not Available
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Unknown
Resistivity
105.00 nΩ·m
30
0.69 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω
21
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
205.30 kJ/mol
2
Not Available
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
0.11 J/(kg K)
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K
35
62.70 J/mol·K
1
Thermal Conductivity
71.60 W/m·K
24
10.00 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
8.80 µm/(m·K)
99+
Not Available
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
510.50 kJ/mol
11
Not Available
Enthalpy of Fusion
19.70 kJ/mol
12
14.39 kJ/mol
24
Enthalpy of Atomization
565.00 kJ/mol
11
268.00 kJ/mol
40
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K
36
Not Available
|
||
|
||
|
