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Platinum vs Americium

Platinum
Americium
Americium vs Platinum


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pt   
Am   
Group Number
10   
8
Not Available   
Period Number
6   
7   
Block
d block   
f block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Actinide   
CAS Number
7440064   
99+
7440359   
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
P63/mmc   
Space Group Number
225.00   
2
194.00   
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
  • Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
  
  • Americium metal is produced by bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons.
  • Americium metal was discovered as a by-product while testing an atomic bomb (Manhattan Project).
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals   
Obtained By Bombarding Plutonium with Neutrons   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Antonio de Ulloa   
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso   
Discovery
In 1735   
In 1944   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-7 %   
19
Not Available   
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %   
19
~-9999 %   
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
25
Not Available   
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
  • Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
  
  • Americium metal is used in smoke detection alarms.
  • In the future, this metal has a potential to be used in batteries of spacecrafts.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry   
NA   
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
No   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
In Bone
Not Available   
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,772.00 °C   
16
994.00 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
3,827.00 °C   
15
2,607.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silvery White   
Luster
Metallic   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.50   
11
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
300.00 MPa   
34
Not Available   
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa   
25
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
2,800.00 m/s   
29
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
73.00 %   
8
Not Available   
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pt   
Am   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35   
4
16   
23
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.28   
3
1.30   
32
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44   
17
1.20   
27
Allen Electronegativity
1.72   
16
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.72   
99+
2.70   
22
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol   
10
578.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,791.00 kJ/mol   
21
1,158.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
2,132.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
3,493.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.82 g/amp-hr   
35
3.02 g/amp-hr   
17
Electron Work Function
5.65 eV   
1
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
78   
38
95   
23
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1   
[Rn] 5f7 7s2   
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100   
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Americium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
78   
38
95   
23
Number of Neutrons
117   
24
148   
12
Number of Electrons
78   
38
95   
23
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm   
39
173.00 pm   
21
Covalent Radius
136.00 pm   
99+
180.00 pm   
21
Van der Waals Radius
175.00 pm   
36
244.00 pm   
10
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu   
99+
243.00 amu   
20
Atomic Volume
9.09 cm3/mol   
99+
17.86 cm3/mol   
29
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Iridium
  
Plutonium
  
Next Element
Gold
  
Curium
  
Valence Electron Potential
392.42 (-eV)   
1
44.00 (-eV)   
40
Lattice Constant
392.42 pm   
24
346.81 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
21.45 g/cm3   
11
12.00 g/cm3   
30
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.77 g/cm3   
2
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa   
14
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
13
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.07 (Pa)   
18
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
61.00 GPa   
14
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa   
6
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
168.00 GPa   
14
Not Available   
Poisson Ratio
0.38   
6
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.45   
4
13.67   
15
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Permeability
0.00 H/m   
3
Not Available   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Unknown   
Resistivity
105.00 nΩ·m   
30
0.69 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω   
21
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
205.30 kJ/mol   
2
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
0.11 J/(kg K)   
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K   
35
62.70 J/mol·K   
1
Thermal Conductivity
71.60 W/m·K   
24
10.00 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
8.80 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Not Available   
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
510.50 kJ/mol   
11
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Fusion
19.70 kJ/mol   
12
14.39 kJ/mol   
24
Enthalpy of Atomization
565.00 kJ/mol   
11
268.00 kJ/mol   
40
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K   
36
Not Available   
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