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Platinum vs Iron

Platinum
Iron
Iron vs Platinum


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pt  
Fe  
Group Number
10  
8
8  
10
Period Number
6  
4  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440064  
99+
7439896  
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
  • Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
  
  • Iron is not always magnetic in nature, its allotrope are ferromagnetic and the B allotrope is nonmagnetic.
  • The blood consists Iron in hemoglobin molecules to transfer Oxygen in the body.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Antonio de Ulloa  
-  
Discovery
In 1735  
Before 5000 BC  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
20
0.11 %  
1
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
19
0.10 %  
1
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
25
22.00 %  
1
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
6.30 %  
2
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
12
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.01 %  
6
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
  • Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
  
  • Iron metal alloy steel is used in the application of civil engineering and manufacturing.
  • Alloys of iron with nickel, vanadium, chromium, tungsten and manganese have very useful properties.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
Alloys, Sculptures, Statues  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
447.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
3
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
380.00 p.p.m.  
5
Physical
Melting Point
1,772.00 °C  
16
1,535.00 °C  
25
Boiling Point
3,827.00 °C  
15
2,750.00 °C  
39
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.50  
12
4.00  
11
Brinell Hardness
300.00 MPa  
99+
200.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa  
99+
608.00 MPa  
27
Speed of Sound
2,800.00 m/s  
99+
5,120.00 m/s  
12
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.41  
6
2.60  
4
Reflectivity
73.00 %  
10
65.00 %  
18
Allotropes
No  
Yes  
α Allotropes
-  
Ferrite (alpha Iron)  
β Allotropes
-  
beta Iron  
γ Allotropes
-  
gamma Iron  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Pt  
Fe  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
26  
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.28  
4
1.83  
15
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.28  
5
2.20  
8
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44  
18
1.64  
9
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.20  
6
1.83  
16
Allen Electronegativity
1.72  
19
1.80  
15
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.72  
99+
2.17  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
10
762.50 kJ/mol  
17
2nd Energy Level
1,791.00 kJ/mol  
22
1,561.90 kJ/mol  
37
3rd Energy Level
2,277.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,957.00 kJ/mol  
29
4th Energy Level
8,702.00 kJ/mol  
6
5,290.00 kJ/mol  
25
5th Energy Level
8,702.00 kJ/mol  
9
7,240.00 kJ/mol  
25
6th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
27
9,560.00 kJ/mol  
20
7th Energy level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
23
12,060.00 kJ/mol  
15
8th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
23
14,580.00 kJ/mol  
14
9th Energy Level
5,660.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22,540.00 kJ/mol  
5
10th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
24
25,290.00 kJ/mol  
8
11th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
21
28,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
12th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
31,920.00 kJ/mol  
31
13th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
16
34,830.00 kJ/mol  
9
14th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
37,840.00 kJ/mol  
11
15th Energy Level
87,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
44,100.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
47,206.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
27
122,200.00 kJ/mol  
1
18th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
16
131,000.00 kJ/mol  
2
19th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
25
140,500.00 kJ/mol  
3
20th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
15
152,600.00 kJ/mol  
5
21st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
38
163,000.00 kJ/mol  
5
22nd Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
13
173,600.00 kJ/mol  
4
23rd Energy Level
870.10 kJ/mol  
39
188,100.00 kJ/mol  
4
24th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
9
195,200.00 kJ/mol  
1
25th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
762.00 kJ/mol  
15
26th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
762.50 kJ/mol  
15
27th Energy Level
870.10 kJ/mol  
6
762.50 kJ/mol  
14
28th Energy Level
870.10 kJ/mol  
9
762.50 kJ/mol  
20
29th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
10
762.50 kJ/mol  
20
30th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
762.00 kJ/mol  
15
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.82 g/amp-hr  
39
0.69 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
5.65 eV  
4
4.70 eV  
15
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization  
Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
78  
38
26  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1  
[Ar] 3d6 4s2  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
78  
38
26  
99+
Number of Neutrons
117  
25
30  
99+
Number of Electrons
78  
38
26  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
126.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
136.00 pm  
99+
132.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
175.00 pm  
99+
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu  
99+
55.85 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
9.09 cm3/mol  
99+
7.10 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Iridium
  
Manganese
  
Next Element
Gold
  
Cobalt
  
Valence Electron Potential
392.42 (-eV)  
1
67.00 (-eV)  
20
Lattice Constant
392.42 pm  
27
286.65 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.56  
99+
1.35  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
21.45 g/cm3  
11
7.87 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.77 g/cm3  
12
6.98 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa  
26
11,000.00 MPa  
1
Viscosity
0.00  
16
0.00  
19
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
16
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.07 (Pa)  
18
36.80 (Pa)  
5
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
61.00 GPa  
14
82.00 GPa  
11
Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa  
6
170.00 GPa  
10
Young's Modulus
168.00 GPa  
15
211.00 GPa  
9
Poisson Ratio
0.38  
6
0.29  
15
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.45  
13
7.20  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Ferromagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
14
0.01 H/m  
1
Susceptibility
0.00  
20
200,000.00  
1
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
105.00 nΩ·m  
30
96.10 nΩ·m  
32
Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω  
26
0.10 106/cm Ω  
24
Electron Affinity
205.30 kJ/mol  
2
15.70 kJ/mol  
40
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.44 J/(kg K)  
13
Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K  
99+
25.10 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
71.60 W/m·K  
24
80.40 W/m·K  
22
Critical Temperature
2,041.00 K  
19
1,811.00 K  
29
Thermal Expansion
8.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
11.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
510.50 kJ/mol  
15
351.00 kJ/mol  
33
Enthalpy of Fusion
19.70 kJ/mol  
12
14.90 kJ/mol  
23
Enthalpy of Atomization
565.00 kJ/mol  
15
414.20 kJ/mol  
24
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K  
99+
27.30 J/mol.K  
99+
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