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Potassium vs Tin

Potassium
Tin
Tin vs Potassium


Periodic Table
Symbol
K  
Sn  
Group Number
1  
17
14  
4
Period Number
4  
5  
Block
s block  
p block  
Element Family
Alkali  
Post-​Transition  
CAS Number
7440097  
99+
7440315  
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
I41/amd  
Space Group Number
229.00  
1
141.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • In the list of most abundant element Potassium is ranked 7th.
  • Potassium can easily be sliced (chopped) down using knife.
  
  • In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
  • Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining  
Found in Minerals, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Humphry Davy  
Unknown  
Discovery
In 1807  
Before 3500 BC  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-4 %  
9
4 * 10-7 %  
20
Abundance In Sun
~0.0004 %  
9
~0.0000009 %  
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.07 %  
9
0.00 %  
24
Abundance In Earth's Crust
1.50 %  
6
0.00 %  
34
Abundance In Oceans
0.04 %  
3
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Humans
0.20 %  
2
0.00 %  
13
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Potassium’s compounds are in high demand for their application in Fertilizer manufacturing.
  • Potassium carbonate is used in glass manufacturing and Potassium carbonate in manufacturing detergent and body wash.
  
  • Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
  • Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
  
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry  
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry  
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry  
Dentistry  
Other Uses
NA  
NA  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
1,620.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
2
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3  
10
In Bone
2,100.00 p.p.m.  
3
1.40 p.p.m.  
16
Physical Properties
Melting Point
63.65 °C  
99+
231.90 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
774.00 °C  
99+
2,270.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Gray  
Silvery White  
Luster
NA  
NA  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
0.40  
23
1.50  
18
Brinell Hardness
0.36 MPa  
99+
50.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,000.00 m/s  
99+
2,730.00 m/s  
32
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No  
Yes  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
White Tin (Beta Tin)  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
K  
Sn  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20  
19
35  
4
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.82  
99+
1.96  
8
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.45  
31
1.49  
15
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.91  
39
1.72  
4
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.73  
23
2.21  
3
Allen Electronegativity
0.73  
99+
1.82  
11
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.18  
3
2.04  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
418.80 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
33
2nd Energy Level
3,052.00 kJ/mol  
5
1,411.80 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
4,420.00 kJ/mol  
8
2,943.00 kJ/mol  
30
4th Energy Level
5,877.00 kJ/mol  
9
3,930.30 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
7,975.00 kJ/mol  
8
7,456.00 kJ/mol  
13
6th Energy Level
9,590.00 kJ/mol  
13
Not Available  
7th Energy level
11,343.00 kJ/mol  
17
Not Available  
8th Energy Level
14,944.00 kJ/mol  
13
Not Available  
9th Energy Level
16,963.70 kJ/mol  
15
Not Available  
10th Energy Level
48,610.00 kJ/mol  
3
Not Available  
11th Energy Level
54,490.00 kJ/mol  
4
Not Available  
12th Energy Level
60,730.00 kJ/mol  
4
Not Available  
13th Energy Level
68,950.00 kJ/mol  
4
Not Available  
14th Energy Level
75,900.00 kJ/mol  
5
Not Available  
15th Energy Level
83,080.00 kJ/mol  
6
Not Available  
16th Energy Level
93,400.00 kJ/mol  
7
Not Available  
17th Energy Level
99,710.00 kJ/mol  
8
Not Available  
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.46 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.11 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
2.30 eV  
99+
4.42 eV  
16
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility  
Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
19  
99+
50  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 4s1  
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Tetragonal (TETR)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
19  
99+
50  
99+
Number of Neutrons
20  
99+
69  
99+
Number of Electrons
19  
99+
50  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
227.00 pm  
3
140.00 pm  
38
Covalent Radius
203.00 pm  
9
139.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
275.00 pm  
5
217.00 pm  
23
Atomic Weight
39.10 amu  
99+
118.71 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
45.46 cm3/mol  
3
16.30 cm3/mol  
32
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Aluminium
  
Indium
  
Next Element
Calcium
  
Cesium
  
Valence Electron Potential
10.40 (-eV)  
99+
83.50 (-eV)  
14
Lattice Constant
532.80 pm  
12
583.18 pm  
7
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available  
Not Available  
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
0.86 g/cm3  
99+
7.37 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.83 g/cm3  
99+
6.99 g/cm3  
34
Tensile Strength
Not Available  
Not Available  
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available  
0.00 (Pa)  
17
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
1.30 GPa  
99+
18.00 GPa  
36
Bulk Modulus
3.10 GPa  
99+
58.00 GPa  
20
Young's Modulus
3.53 GPa  
99+
50.00 GPa  
36
Poisson Ratio
Not Available  
0.36  
8
Other Mechanical Properties
NA  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
0.86  
99+
7.31  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Superconductor  
Resistivity
72.00 nΩ·m  
37
115.00 nΩ·m  
28
Electrical Conductivity
0.14 106/cm Ω  
14
0.09 106/cm Ω  
23
Electron Affinity
48.40 kJ/mol  
22
107.30 kJ/mol  
8
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.75 J/(kg K)  
6
0.23 J/(kg K)  
28
Molar Heat Capacity
29.60 J/mol·K  
6
27.11 J/mol·K  
20
Thermal Conductivity
102.50 W/m·K  
15
66.80 W/m·K  
25
Critical Temperature
2,223.00 K  
3
Not Available  
Thermal Expansion
83.30 µm/(m·K)  
3
22.00 µm/(m·K)  
20
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
77.50 kJ/mol  
99+
290.40 kJ/mol  
32
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.32 kJ/mol  
99+
7.03 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
89.50 kJ/mol  
99+
301.30 kJ/mol  
35
Standard Molar Entropy
64.70 J/mol.K  
18
51.20 J/mol.K  
29
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