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Potassium vs Tin

Potassium
Tin
Tin vs Potassium


Periodic Table
Symbol
K  
Sn  
Group Number
1  
17
14  
4
Period Number
4  
5  
Block
s block  
p block  
Element Family
Alkali  
Post-​Transition  
CAS Number
7440097  
99+
7440315  
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
I41/amd  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
141.00  
10
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • In the list of most abundant element Potassium is ranked 7th.
  • Potassium can easily be sliced (chopped) down using knife.
  
  • In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
  • Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining  
Found in Minerals, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Humphry Davy  
-  
Discovery
In 1807  
Before 3500 BC  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
10
0.00 %  
21
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
9
0.00 %  
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.07 %  
9
0.00 %  
24
Abundance In Earth's Crust
1.50 %  
6
0.00 %  
34
Abundance In Oceans
0.04 %  
3
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Humans
0.20 %  
3
0.00 %  
15
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Potassium’s compounds are in high demand for their application in Fertilizer manufacturing.
  • Potassium carbonate is used in glass manufacturing and Potassium carbonate in manufacturing detergent and body wash.
  
  • Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
  • Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
  
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry  
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry  
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry  
Dentistry  
Other Uses
-  
-  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
1,620.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
2
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3  
10
In Bone
2,100.00 p.p.m.  
3
1.40 p.p.m.  
17
Physical
Melting Point
63.65 °C  
99+
231.90 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
774.00 °C  
99+
2,270.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Gray  
Silvery White  
Luster
-  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
0.40  
25
1.50  
19
Brinell Hardness
0.36 MPa  
99+
50.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
100.00 MPa  
99+
50.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,000.00 m/s  
99+
2,730.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.33  
99+
2.40  
7
Reflectivity
72.00 %  
11
51.00 %  
30
Allotropes
No  
Yes  
α Allotropes
-  
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)  
β Allotropes
-  
White Tin (Beta Tin)  
γ Allotropes
-  
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
K  
Sn  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20  
19
35  
4
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.82  
99+
1.96  
9
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.45  
99+
1.49  
19
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.91  
40
1.72  
5
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.73  
99+
2.21  
5
Allen Electronegativity
0.73  
99+
1.82  
14
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.18  
3
2.04  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
418.80 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
33
2nd Energy Level
3,052.00 kJ/mol  
5
1,411.80 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
4,420.00 kJ/mol  
8
2,943.00 kJ/mol  
30
4th Energy Level
5,877.00 kJ/mol  
18
3,930.30 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
7,975.00 kJ/mol  
14
7,456.00 kJ/mol  
21
6th Energy Level
9,590.00 kJ/mol  
19
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
11,343.00 kJ/mol  
17
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
39
8th Energy Level
14,944.00 kJ/mol  
13
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
35
9th Energy Level
16,963.70 kJ/mol  
15
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
32
10th Energy Level
48,610.00 kJ/mol  
3
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
36
11th Energy Level
54,490.00 kJ/mol  
4
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
34
12th Energy Level
60,730.00 kJ/mol  
15
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
68,950.00 kJ/mol  
4
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
31
14th Energy Level
75,900.00 kJ/mol  
5
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
83,080.00 kJ/mol  
13
70,800.00 kJ/mol  
27
16th Energy Level
93,400.00 kJ/mol  
7
70,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
17th Energy Level
99,710.00 kJ/mol  
8
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
4,196.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,086.00 kJ/mol  
33
19th Energy Level
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
39
20th Energy Level
419.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.00 kJ/mol  
33
21st Energy Level
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
419.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.00 kJ/mol  
27
23rd Energy Level
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
26
25th Energy Level
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
28
26th Energy Level
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
27th Energy Level
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
28th Energy Level
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
32
29th Energy Level
419.20 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
33
30th Energy Level
419.00 kJ/mol  
99+
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.46 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.11 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
2.30 eV  
99+
4.42 eV  
22
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility  
Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
19  
99+
50  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 4s1  
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Tetragonal (TETR)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
19  
99+
50  
99+
Number of Neutrons
20  
99+
69  
99+
Number of Electrons
19  
99+
50  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
227.00 pm  
4
140.00 pm  
40
Covalent Radius
203.00 pm  
9
139.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
275.00 pm  
7
217.00 pm  
29
Atomic Weight
39.10 amu  
99+
118.71 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
45.46 cm3/mol  
4
16.30 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Aluminium
  
Indium
  
Next Element
Calcium
  
Cesium
  
Valence Electron Potential
10.40 (-eV)  
99+
83.50 (-eV)  
14
Lattice Constant
532.80 pm  
13
583.18 pm  
7
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.69  
10
0.68  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
0.86 g/cm3  
99+
7.37 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.83 g/cm3  
99+
6.99 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
16.00 MPa  
99+
15.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
9
0.00  
15
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
16
0.00 (Pa)  
18
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
34
0.00 (Pa)  
38
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
1.30 GPa  
99+
18.00 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
3.10 GPa  
99+
58.00 GPa  
21
Young's Modulus
3.53 GPa  
99+
50.00 GPa  
39
Poisson Ratio
0.35  
9
0.36  
8
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
0.86  
99+
7.31  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
13
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
23
0.00  
30
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Superconductor  
Resistivity
72.00 nΩ·m  
37
115.00 nΩ·m  
28
Electrical Conductivity
0.14 106/cm Ω  
16
0.09 106/cm Ω  
28
Electron Affinity
48.40 kJ/mol  
27
107.30 kJ/mol  
9
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.75 J/(kg K)  
6
0.23 J/(kg K)  
28
Molar Heat Capacity
29.60 J/mol·K  
8
27.11 J/mol·K  
26
Thermal Conductivity
102.50 W/m·K  
15
66.80 W/m·K  
25
Critical Temperature
2,223.00 K  
14
505.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
83.30 µm/(m·K)  
3
22.00 µm/(m·K)  
21
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
77.50 kJ/mol  
99+
290.40 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.32 kJ/mol  
99+
7.03 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
89.50 kJ/mol  
99+
301.30 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
64.70 J/mol.K  
19
51.20 J/mol.K  
40
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