Potassium Tin Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
K
Sn
Group Number
1
17
14
4
Period Number
4
5
Block
s block
p block
Element Family
Alkali
Post-Transition
CAS Number
7440097
99+
7440315
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
I41/amd
Space Group Number
229.00
1
141.00
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
- In the list of most abundant element Potassium is ranked 7th.
- Potassium can easily be sliced (chopped) down using knife.
- In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
- Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Humphry Davy
Unknown
Discovery
In 1807
Before 3500 BC
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-4 %
9
4 * 10-7 %
20
Abundance In Sun
~0.0004 %
9
~0.0000009 %
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.07 %
9
0.00 %
24
Abundance In Earth's Crust
1.50 %
6
0.00 %
34
Abundance In Oceans
0.04 %
3
0.00 %
26
Abundance In Humans
0.20 %
2
0.00 %
13
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Potassium’s compounds are in high demand for their application in Fertilizer manufacturing.
- Potassium carbonate is used in glass manufacturing and Potassium carbonate in manufacturing detergent and body wash.
- Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
- Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
Industrial Uses
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry
Dentistry
Other Uses
NA
NA
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
1,620.00 Blood/mg dm-3
2
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3
10
In Bone
2,100.00 p.p.m.
3
1.40 p.p.m.
16
Physical Properties
Melting Point
63.65 °C
99+
231.90 °C
99+
Boiling Point
774.00 °C
99+
2,270.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Gray
Silvery White
Luster
NA
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
0.40
23
1.50
18
Brinell Hardness
0.36 MPa
99+
50.00 MPa
99+
Speed of Sound
2,000.00 m/s
99+
2,730.00 m/s
32
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
Yes
α Allotropes
Not Available
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)
β Allotropes
Not Available
White Tin (Beta Tin)
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
K
Sn
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
20
19
35
4
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
0.82
99+
1.96
8
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.45
31
1.49
15
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.91
39
1.72
4
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.73
23
2.21
3
Allen Electronegativity
0.73
99+
1.82
11
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.18
3
2.04
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
418.80 kJ/mol
99+
708.60 kJ/mol
33
2nd Energy Level
3,052.00 kJ/mol
5
1,411.80 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
4,420.00 kJ/mol
8
2,943.00 kJ/mol
30
4th Energy Level
5,877.00 kJ/mol
9
3,930.30 kJ/mol
99+
5th Energy Level
7,975.00 kJ/mol
8
7,456.00 kJ/mol
13
6th Energy Level
9,590.00 kJ/mol
13
Not Available
7th Energy level
11,343.00 kJ/mol
17
Not Available
8th Energy Level
14,944.00 kJ/mol
13
Not Available
9th Energy Level
16,963.70 kJ/mol
15
Not Available
10th Energy Level
48,610.00 kJ/mol
3
Not Available
11th Energy Level
54,490.00 kJ/mol
4
Not Available
12th Energy Level
60,730.00 kJ/mol
4
Not Available
13th Energy Level
68,950.00 kJ/mol
4
Not Available
14th Energy Level
75,900.00 kJ/mol
5
Not Available
15th Energy Level
83,080.00 kJ/mol
6
Not Available
16th Energy Level
93,400.00 kJ/mol
7
Not Available
17th Energy Level
99,710.00 kJ/mol
8
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.46 g/amp-hr
99+
1.11 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
2.30 eV
99+
4.42 eV
16
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
19
99+
50
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 4s1
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Tetragonal (TETR)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
19
99+
50
99+
Number of Neutrons
20
99+
69
99+
Number of Electrons
19
99+
50
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
227.00 pm
3
140.00 pm
38
Covalent Radius
203.00 pm
9
139.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
275.00 pm
5
217.00 pm
23
Atomic Weight
39.10 amu
99+
118.71 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
45.46 cm3/mol
3
16.30 cm3/mol
32
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
10.40 (-eV)
99+
83.50 (-eV)
14
Lattice Constant
532.80 pm
12
583.18 pm
7
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
0.86 g/cm3
99+
7.37 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.83 g/cm3
99+
6.99 g/cm3
34
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
17
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
1.30 GPa
99+
18.00 GPa
36
Bulk Modulus
3.10 GPa
99+
58.00 GPa
20
Young's Modulus
3.53 GPa
99+
50.00 GPa
36
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.36
8
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
0.86
99+
7.31
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Superconductor
Resistivity
72.00 nΩ·m
37
115.00 nΩ·m
28
Electrical Conductivity
0.14 106/cm Ω
14
0.09 106/cm Ω
23
Electron Affinity
48.40 kJ/mol
22
107.30 kJ/mol
8
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.75 J/(kg K)
6
0.23 J/(kg K)
28
Molar Heat Capacity
29.60 J/mol·K
6
27.11 J/mol·K
20
Thermal Conductivity
102.50 W/m·K
15
66.80 W/m·K
25
Critical Temperature
2,223.00 K
3
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
83.30 µm/(m·K)
3
22.00 µm/(m·K)
20
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
77.50 kJ/mol
99+
290.40 kJ/mol
32
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.32 kJ/mol
99+
7.03 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
89.50 kJ/mol
99+
301.30 kJ/mol
35
Standard Molar Entropy
64.70 J/mol.K
18
51.20 J/mol.K
29
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