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Promethium Protactinium Comparison


Protactinium Promethium comparison


Periodic Table

Symbol
Pm   
Pa   

Group Number
Not Available   
Not Available   

Period Number
6   
7   

Block
f block   
f block   

Element Family
Lanthanide   
Actinide   

CAS Number
7440122   
99+
7440133   
99+

Space Group Name
Not Available   
I4/mmm   

Space Group Number
Not Available   
139.00   
8

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Promethium metal found in Pitchblende.
  • Promethium metal is highly radioactive metal.
  
  • Protactinium metal has 29 isotopes.
  • Isotopes of Protactinium-231 used in nuclear weapon.
  

Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining   
Found in Uranium Ores, Mining, Ores of metals   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Chien Shiung Wu, Emilio Segrè, Hans Bethe   
William Crookes   

Discovery
In 1942   
In 1900   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
0.00 %   
99+

Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
99+

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • It is used for research purpose. Very small amount of this metal is used in atomic batteries.
  • Its radioactive decay is used for a phosphor to give off light. The light emitted is converted into electricity.
  
  • Currently known uses of Protactinium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  

Industrial Uses
NA   
NA   

Medical Uses
NA   
NA   

Other Uses
NA   
NA   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Highly Toxic   

Present in Human Body
No   
No   

In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37

In Bone
Not Available   
0.00 p.p.m.   
36

Physical Properties

Melting Point
1,042.00 °C   
99+
1,568.00 °C   
21

Boiling Point
3,000.00 °C   
31
4,027.00 °C   
12

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Unknown   
Silver   

Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   

Hardness
  
  

Speed of Sound
Not Available   
Not Available   

Optical Properties
  
  

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Pm   
Pa   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
27   
12
27   
12

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.50   
27

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07   
32
1.14   
28

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available   
2.50   
27

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
540.00 kJ/mol   
99+
568.00 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
1,050.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,128.00 kJ/mol   
99+

3rd Energy Level
2,150.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,814.00 kJ/mol   
99+

4th Energy Level
3,970.00 kJ/mol   
38
2,991.00 kJ/mol   
99+

Electrochemical Equivalent
1.80 g/amp-hr   
36
1.72 g/amp-hr   
99+

Electron Work Function
Not Available   
Not Available   

Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
61   
99+
91   
27

Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f5 6s2   
[Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2   

Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
Tetragonal (TETR)   

Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Promethium.jpg#100   
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Protactinium.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
61   
99+
91   
27

Number of Neutrons
84   
40
122   
21

Number of Electrons
61   
99+
91   
27

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
183.00 pm   
10
163.00 pm   
25

Covalent Radius
199.00 pm   
12
200.00 pm   
11

Van der Waals Radius
236.00 pm   
16
243.00 pm   
11

Atomic Weight
145.00 amu   
99+
231.04 amu   
24

Atomic Volume
22.39 cm3/mol   
12
15.00 cm3/mol   
34

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Neodymium
  
Thorium
  

Next Element
Samarium
  
Uranium
  

Valence Electron Potential
44.10 (-eV)   
39
92.00 (-eV)   
11

Lattice Constant
Not Available   
392.50 pm   
23

Lattice Angles
Unknown   
π/2, π/2, π/2   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
7.26 g/cm3   
99+
15.37 g/cm3   
20

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa   
36
Not Available   

Bulk Modulus
33.00 GPa   
36
Not Available   

Young's Modulus
46.00 GPa   
38
Not Available   

Poisson Ratio
0.28   
17
Not Available   

Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Unknown   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
7.26   
99+
15.37   
12

Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   

Resistivity
0.75 nΩ·m   
99+
177.00 nΩ·m   
21

Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.05 106/cm Ω   
34

Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
Not Available   

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K)   
33
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40

Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Conductivity
17.90 W/m·K   
99+
47.00 W/m·K   
32

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
9.00 µm/(m·K)   
99+
9.90 µm/(m·K)   
40

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Fusion
7.50 kJ/mol   
99+
12.34 kJ/mol   
28

Enthalpy of Atomization
310.00 kJ/mol   
34
Not Available   

Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
198.10 J/mol.K   
1

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