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Promethium Tantalum Comparison


Tantalum Promethium comparison


Periodic Table

Symbol
Pm   
Ta   

Group Number
Not Available   
5   
13

Period Number
6   
6   

Block
f block   
d block   

Element Family
Lanthanide   
Transition Metal   

CAS Number
7440122   
99+
7440257   
99+

Space Group Name
Not Available   
Im_ 3m   

Space Group Number
Not Available   
229.00   
1

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Promethium metal found in Pitchblende.
  • Promethium metal is highly radioactive metal.
  
  • Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
  • Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
  

Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Chien Shiung Wu, Emilio Segrè, Hans Bethe   
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg   

Discovery
In 1942   
In 1802   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
8 * 10-9 %   
31

Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
99+

Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
0.00 %   
37

Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
31

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • It is used for research purpose. Very small amount of this metal is used in atomic batteries.
  • Its radioactive decay is used for a phosphor to give off light. The light emitted is converted into electricity.
  
  • Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
  • Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
  

Industrial Uses
NA   
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   

Medical Uses
NA   
NA   

Other Uses
NA   
Alloys   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Low Toxic   

Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   

In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
Not Available   

In Bone
Not Available   
0.03 p.p.m.   
28

Physical Properties

Melting Point
1,042.00 °C   
99+
2,996.00 °C   
4

Boiling Point
3,000.00 °C   
31
5,425.00 °C   
4

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Unknown   
Gray Blue   

Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
6.50   
5

Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
440.00 MPa   
28

Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
870.00 MPa   
12

Speed of Sound
Not Available   
3,400.00 m/s   
22

Optical Properties
  
  

Reflectivity
Not Available   
78.00 %   
6

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Pm   
Ta   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
27   
12
31   
8

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.50   
27

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07   
32
1.33   
22

Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.34   
33

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available   
2.50   
27

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
540.00 kJ/mol   
99+
761.00 kJ/mol   
18

2nd Energy Level
1,050.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,500.00 kJ/mol   
40

3rd Energy Level
2,150.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   

4th Energy Level
3,970.00 kJ/mol   
38
Not Available   

Electrochemical Equivalent
1.80 g/amp-hr   
36
1.35 g/amp-hr   
99+

Electron Work Function
Not Available   
4.25 eV   
21

Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
61   
99+
73   
99+

Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f5 6s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2   

Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   

Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Promethium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
61   
99+
73   
99+

Number of Neutrons
84   
40
108   
28

Number of Electrons
61   
99+
73   
99+

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
183.00 pm   
10
146.00 pm   
35

Covalent Radius
199.00 pm   
12
170.00 pm   
25

Van der Waals Radius
236.00 pm   
16
200.00 pm   
28

Atomic Weight
145.00 amu   
99+
180.95 amu   
38

Atomic Volume
22.39 cm3/mol   
12
10.90 cm3/mol   
99+

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Neodymium
  
Hafnium
  

Next Element
Samarium
  
Tungsten
  

Valence Electron Potential
44.10 (-eV)   
39
110.00 (-eV)   
7

Lattice Constant
Not Available   
330.13 pm   
99+

Lattice Angles
Unknown   
π/2, π/2, π/2   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
7.26 g/cm3   
99+
16.69 g/cm3   
18

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
15.00 g/cm3   
9

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
31

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa   
36
69.00 GPa   
13

Bulk Modulus
33.00 GPa   
36
200.00 GPa   
8

Young's Modulus
46.00 GPa   
38
186.00 GPa   
13

Poisson Ratio
0.28   
17
0.34   
10

Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
7.26   
99+
16.65   
11

Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   

Resistivity
0.75 nΩ·m   
99+
131.00 nΩ·m   
25

Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.08 106/cm Ω   
27

Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
31.00 kJ/mol   
29

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K)   
33
0.14 J/(kg K)   
37

Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
25.36 J/mol·K   
99+

Thermal Conductivity
17.90 W/m·K   
99+
57.50 W/m·K   
27

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
9.00 µm/(m·K)   
99+
6.30 µm/(m·K)   
99+

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
753.10 kJ/mol   
2

Enthalpy of Fusion
7.50 kJ/mol   
99+
31.40 kJ/mol   
3

Enthalpy of Atomization
310.00 kJ/mol   
34
782.00 kJ/mol   
3

Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
41.50 J/mol.K   
37

Summary >>
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