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Promethium vs Iron

Promethium
Iron
Iron vs Promethium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pm   
Fe   
Group Number
Not Available   
8   
10
Period Number
6   
4   
Block
f block   
d block   
Element Family
Lanthanide   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440122   
99+
7439896   
99+
Space Group Name
Not Available   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
Not Available   
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Promethium metal found in Pitchblende.
  • Promethium metal is highly radioactive metal.
  
  • Iron is not always magnetic in nature, its allotrope are ferromagnetic and the B allotrope is nonmagnetic.
  • The blood consists Iron in hemoglobin molecules to transfer Oxygen in the body.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Chien Shiung Wu, Emilio Segrè, Hans Bethe   
Unknown   
Discovery
In 1942   
Before 5000 BC   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
1.1 * 10-1 %   
1
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.1 %   
1
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
22.00 %   
1
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
6.30 %   
2
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
12
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.01 %   
5
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is used for research purpose. Very small amount of this metal is used in atomic batteries.
  • Its radioactive decay is used for a phosphor to give off light. The light emitted is converted into electricity.
  
  • Iron metal alloy steel is used in the application of civil engineering and manufacturing.
  • Alloys of iron with nickel, vanadium, chromium, tungsten and manganese have very useful properties.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
Other Uses
NA   
Alloys, Sculptures, Statues   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
447.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
3
In Bone
Not Available   
380.00 p.p.m.   
5
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,042.00 °C   
99+
1,535.00 °C   
25
Boiling Point
3,000.00 °C   
31
2,750.00 °C   
37
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Unknown   
Gray   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
4.00   
10
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
200.00 MPa   
40
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
608.00 MPa   
18
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
5,120.00 m/s   
8
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
65.00 %   
12
Allotropes
No   
Yes   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Ferrite (alpha Iron)   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
beta Iron   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
gamma Iron   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pm   
Fe   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
27   
12
26   
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.83   
14
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.20   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07   
32
1.64   
8
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.80   
12
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available   
2.17   
40
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
540.00 kJ/mol   
99+
762.50 kJ/mol   
17
2nd Energy Level
1,050.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,561.90 kJ/mol   
36
3rd Energy Level
2,150.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,957.00 kJ/mol   
29
4th Energy Level
3,970.00 kJ/mol   
38
5,290.00 kJ/mol   
16
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
7,240.00 kJ/mol   
16
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
9,560.00 kJ/mol   
14
7th Energy level
Not Available   
12,060.00 kJ/mol   
15
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
14,580.00 kJ/mol   
14
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
22,540.00 kJ/mol   
5
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
25,290.00 kJ/mol   
8
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
28,000.00 kJ/mol   
9
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
31,920.00 kJ/mol   
9
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
34,830.00 kJ/mol   
9
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
37,840.00 kJ/mol   
11
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
44,100.00 kJ/mol   
11
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
47,206.00 kJ/mol   
13
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
122,200.00 kJ/mol   
1
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
131,000.00 kJ/mol   
2
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
140,500.00 kJ/mol   
3
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
152,600.00 kJ/mol   
5
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
163,000.00 kJ/mol   
5
22nd Energy Level
Not Available   
173,600.00 kJ/mol   
4
23rd Energy Level
Not Available   
188,100.00 kJ/mol   
4
24th Energy Level
Not Available   
195,200.00 kJ/mol   
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.80 g/amp-hr   
36
0.69 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
4.70 eV   
10
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
61   
99+
26   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f5 6s2   
[Ar] 3d6 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Promethium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
61   
99+
26   
99+
Number of Neutrons
84   
40
30   
99+
Number of Electrons
61   
99+
26   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
183.00 pm   
10
126.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
199.00 pm   
12
132.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
236.00 pm   
16
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
145.00 amu   
99+
55.85 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
22.39 cm3/mol   
12
7.10 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Neodymium
  
Manganese
  
Next Element
Samarium
  
Cobalt
  
Valence Electron Potential
44.10 (-eV)   
39
67.00 (-eV)   
20
Lattice Constant
Not Available   
286.65 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
Unknown   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.26 g/cm3   
99+
7.87 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
6.98 g/cm3   
35
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
11,000.00 MPa   
1
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
28
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
36.80 (Pa)   
5
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa   
36
82.00 GPa   
11
Bulk Modulus
33.00 GPa   
36
170.00 GPa   
10
Young's Modulus
46.00 GPa   
38
211.00 GPa   
9
Poisson Ratio
0.28   
17
0.29   
15
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.26   
99+
7.20   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Ferromagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
6.3 * 10-3 H/m   
1
Susceptibility
Not Available   
2,00,000.00   
1
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
0.75 nΩ·m   
99+
96.10 nΩ·m   
32
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.10 106/cm Ω   
20
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
15.70 kJ/mol   
34
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K)   
33
0.44 J/(kg K)   
13
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
25.10 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
17.90 W/m·K   
99+
80.40 W/m·K   
22
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
9.00 µm/(m·K)   
99+
11.80 µm/(m·K)   
33
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
351.00 kJ/mol   
23
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.50 kJ/mol   
99+
14.90 kJ/mol   
22
Enthalpy of Atomization
310.00 kJ/mol   
34
414.20 kJ/mol   
19
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
27.30 J/mol.K   
99+
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