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Promethium vs Titanium

Promethium
Titanium
Titanium vs Promethium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pm   
Ti   
Group Number
Not Available   
4   
14
Period Number
6   
4   
Block
f block   
d block   
Element Family
Lanthanide   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440122   
99+
7440326   
99+
Space Group Name
Not Available   
P63/mmc   
Space Group Number
Not Available   
194.00   
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Promethium metal found in Pitchblende.
  • Promethium metal is highly radioactive metal.
  
  • The only metal which burns in Nitrogen is Titanium.
  • Titanium is also known as corrosion resistant metal.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining   
Found in Minerals, Mining   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Chien Shiung Wu, Emilio Segrè, Hans Bethe   
W. Gregor & J. Berzelius   
Discovery
In 1942   
In 1791   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
3 * 10-4 %   
9
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.0004 %   
9
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.05 %   
11
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
0.66 %   
7
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
15
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is used for research purpose. Very small amount of this metal is used in atomic batteries.
  • Its radioactive decay is used for a phosphor to give off light. The light emitted is converted into electricity.
  
  • Its alloys are used in spacecraft, aircraft and ammunition industry.
  • Its pipes are used in distillation plants, submarines, hulls of big ships, etc.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
Other Uses
NA   
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
0.05 Blood/mg dm-3   
16
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,042.00 °C   
99+
1,660.00 °C   
18
Boiling Point
3,000.00 °C   
31
3,287.00 °C   
22
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Unknown   
Silvery Gray-White   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
6.00   
6
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
716.00 MPa   
15
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
830.00 MPa   
14
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
5,090.00 m/s   
9
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pm   
Ti   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
27   
12
23   
16
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.54   
26
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.09   
20
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07   
32
1.32   
23
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.38   
32
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available   
2.46   
28
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
540.00 kJ/mol   
99+
658.80 kJ/mol   
39
2nd Energy Level
1,050.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,309.80 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,150.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,652.50 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
3,970.00 kJ/mol   
38
4,174.60 kJ/mol   
32
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
9,581.00 kJ/mol   
5
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
11,533.00 kJ/mol   
6
7th Energy level
Not Available   
13,590.00 kJ/mol   
6
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
16,440.00 kJ/mol   
8
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
18,530.00 kJ/mol   
11
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
20,833.00 kJ/mol   
15
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
25,575.00 kJ/mol   
14
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
28,125.00 kJ/mol   
14
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
76,015.00 kJ/mol   
1
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
83,280.00 kJ/mol   
2
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
90,880.00 kJ/mol   
3
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
100,700.00 kJ/mol   
4
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
109,100.00 kJ/mol   
5
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
117,800.00 kJ/mol   
6
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
129,900.00 kJ/mol   
7
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
137,530.00 kJ/mol   
9
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.80 g/amp-hr   
36
0.45 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
4.33 eV   
17
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Chemical Stability, Ionization   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
61   
99+
22   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f5 6s2   
[Ar] 3d2 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Promethium.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Titanium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
61   
99+
22   
99+
Number of Neutrons
84   
40
26   
99+
Number of Electrons
61   
99+
22   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
183.00 pm   
10
147.00 pm   
34
Covalent Radius
199.00 pm   
12
160.00 pm   
30
Van der Waals Radius
236.00 pm   
16
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
145.00 amu   
99+
47.87 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
22.39 cm3/mol   
12
10.64 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Neodymium
  
Scandium
  
Next Element
Samarium
  
Vanadium
  
Valence Electron Potential
44.10 (-eV)   
39
95.20 (-eV)   
10
Lattice Constant
Not Available   
295.08 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
Unknown   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.26 g/cm3   
99+
4.51 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
4.11 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
434.00 MPa   
9
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.98 (Pa)   
14
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa   
36
44.00 GPa   
17
Bulk Modulus
33.00 GPa   
36
110.00 GPa   
15
Young's Modulus
46.00 GPa   
38
116.00 GPa   
18
Poisson Ratio
0.28   
17
0.32   
12
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.26   
99+
4.51   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Poor Conductor   
Resistivity
0.75 nΩ·m   
99+
420.00 nΩ·m   
12
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
7.60 kJ/mol   
37
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K)   
33
0.52 J/(kg K)   
9
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
25.06 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
17.90 W/m·K   
99+
21.90 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
9.00 µm/(m·K)   
99+
8.60 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
429.00 kJ/mol   
15
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.50 kJ/mol   
99+
15.48 kJ/mol   
19
Enthalpy of Atomization
310.00 kJ/mol   
34
468.60 kJ/mol   
15
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
27.30 J/mol.K   
99+
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