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Promethium vs Uranium

Promethium
Uranium
Uranium vs Promethium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pm   
U   
Group Number
Not Available   
0   
18
Period Number
6   
7   
Block
f block   
f block   
Element Family
Lanthanide   
Actinide   
CAS Number
7440122   
99+
7440611   
28
Space Group Name
Not Available   
Cmcm   
Space Group Number
Not Available   
63.00   
10
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Promethium metal found in Pitchblende.
  • Promethium metal is highly radioactive metal.
  
  • Major mining countries of Uranium include Russia, Australia, Namibia, Canada and Niger and total 33% Uranium are mine in Kazakhstan.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining   
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Chien Shiung Wu, Emilio Segrè, Hans Bethe   
Not Available   
Discovery
In 1942   
In 1789   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
2 * 10-8 %   
29
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.0000001 %   
26
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
0.00 %   
36
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
11
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is used for research purpose. Very small amount of this metal is used in atomic batteries.
  • Its radioactive decay is used for a phosphor to give off light. The light emitted is converted into electricity.
  
  • The main use of this metal include nuclear fuel which is used to generate electricity yin nuclear power stations.
  • Synthetic elements like transuranium are made from Uranium metal.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
NA   
Alloys, Jewellery, Nuclear Reactor's Fuel, Sculptures, Statues   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
No   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
Not Available   
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,042.00 °C   
99+
1,132.00 °C   
39
Boiling Point
3,000.00 °C   
31
3,818.00 °C   
16
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Unknown   
Silvery Gray   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
6.00   
6
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
2,350.00 MPa   
2
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
1,960.00 MPa   
2
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
3,155.00 m/s   
25
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pm   
U   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
27   
12
25   
14
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.38   
28
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07   
32
1.22   
26
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available   
2.62   
26
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
540.00 kJ/mol   
99+
597.60 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,050.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,420.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,150.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,900.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
3,970.00 kJ/mol   
38
3,145.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.80 g/amp-hr   
36
1.48 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
3.63 eV   
30
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
61   
99+
92   
26
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f5 6s2   
[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2   
Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
Orthorhombic (ORTH)   
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Promethium.jpg#100   
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Uranium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
61   
99+
92   
26
Number of Neutrons
84   
40
146   
13
Number of Electrons
61   
99+
92   
26
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
183.00 pm   
10
156.00 pm   
29
Covalent Radius
199.00 pm   
12
196.00 pm   
14
Van der Waals Radius
236.00 pm   
16
186.00 pm   
33
Atomic Weight
145.00 amu   
99+
238.03 amu   
21
Atomic Volume
22.39 cm3/mol   
12
12.59 cm3/mol   
40
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Neodymium
  
Protactinium
  
Next Element
Samarium
  
Neptunium
  
Valence Electron Potential
44.10 (-eV)   
39
170.00 (-eV)   
4
Lattice Constant
Not Available   
295.08 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
Unknown   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.26 g/cm3   
99+
19.10 g/cm3   
17
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
17.30 g/cm3   
7
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.01 (Pa)   
20
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa   
36
111.00 GPa   
10
Bulk Modulus
33.00 GPa   
36
100.00 GPa   
16
Young's Modulus
46.00 GPa   
38
208.00 GPa   
10
Poisson Ratio
0.28   
17
0.23   
30
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.26   
99+
18.80   
10
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Poor Conductor   
Resistivity
0.75 nΩ·m   
99+
0.28 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.04 106/cm Ω   
37
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K)   
33
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
27.67 J/mol·K   
15
Thermal Conductivity
17.90 W/m·K   
99+
27.50 W/m·K   
40
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
9.00 µm/(m·K)   
99+
13.90 µm/(m·K)   
27
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
477.00 kJ/mol   
13
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.50 kJ/mol   
99+
15.48 kJ/mol   
19
Enthalpy of Atomization
310.00 kJ/mol   
34
489.50 kJ/mol   
14
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
50.20 J/mol.K   
31
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