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Properties of Thorium and Hassium

Thorium
Hassium
Properties of Hassium & Thorium


Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,750.00 °C   
17
Not Available   
Boiling Point
4,790.00 °C   
8
Not Available   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.00   
12
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
390.00 MPa   
29
Not Available   
Vickers Hardness
295.00 MPa   
29
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   
Reflectivity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
2,490.00 m/s   
36
Not Available   
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Th   
Hs   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
28   
11
7   
31
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30   
32
Not Available   
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.11   
29
Not Available   
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70   
22
Not Available   
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
587.00 kJ/mol   
99+
733.30 kJ/mol   
26
2nd Energy Level
1,110.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,756.00 kJ/mol   
24
3rd Energy Level
1,978.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,827.00 kJ/mol   
36
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.16 g/amp-hr   
24
Not Available   
Electron Work Function
3.41 eV   
32
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
?
Corrosion is a process which converts refined metals to their more stable forms, for example, its oxide and hydroxide. This process of metals getting corroded is a gradual destruction of metals by chemical reactions.Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces.Radioactivity   
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces.Radioactivity   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
11.72 g/cm3   
32
40.70 g/cm3   
1
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
22
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
31.00 GPa   
21
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
54.00 GPa   
22
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
79.00 GPa   
24
Not Available   
Poisson Ratio
0.27   
20
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile   
Unknown   
Periodic Table
Symbol
Th   
Hs   
Group Number
0   
18
8   
10
Period Number
7   
7   
Block
?
The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but in the footnoted appendage of 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered as part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals.f block   
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block   
Element Family
?
Total 15 metals are included in actinide series, from Actinium to Lawrencium. Actinide series is located under f and d block of the periodic table.Actinide   
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
90   
28
108   
10
Atomic Weight
232.04 amu   
23
269.00 amu   
9
Atomic Volume
19.90 cm3/mol   
20
Not Available   
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 6d2 7s2   
[Rn] 5f14 6d6 7s2   
Valence Electron Potential
59.30 (-eV)   
23
Not Available   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
90   
28
108   
10
Number of Neutrons
142   
15
158   
6
Number of Electrons
90   
28
108   
10
Crystal Structure
?
In crystallography, the cubic (or isometric) crystal system is a crystal system where the unit cell is in the shape of a cube. This is one of the most common and simplest shapes found in crystals and minerals.Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
?
The hexagonal crystal system consists of the 7 point groups such that all their space groups have the hexagonal lattice as underlying lattice. The hexagonal crystal family consists of the 12 point groups such that at least one of their space groups has theHexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Thorium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
179.80 pm   
15
126.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
206.00 pm   
7
134.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
237.00 pm   
15
Not Available   
Lattice Constant
508.42 pm   
14
Not Available   
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Next Element
Protactinium
  
Meitnerium
  
Previous Element
Actinium
  
Bohrium
  
Magnetic Properties
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
157.00 nΩ·m   
22
Not Available   
Electrical Conductivity
0.07 106/cm Ω   
31
Not Available   
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Electrical Property
?
Under certain conditions, superconductor metals offer zero resistance to electric current it means this type of metals will conduct electricity without any resistance.Superconductor   
Unknown   
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
11.70   
23
Not Available   
Magnetic Ordering
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
Unknown   
Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   
Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
Not Available   
Thermal Conductivity
54.00 W/m·K   
28
Not Available   
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
26.23 J/mol·K   
30
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
11.00 µm/(m·K)   
36
Not Available   
Standard Molar Entropy
27.30 J/mol.K   
99+
Not Available   
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
429.00 kJ/mol   
15
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol   
19
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Atomization
468.60 kJ/mol   
15
Not Available   
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