Properties of Thorium and Neptunium
Melting Point
1,750.00 °C
  
17
Boiling Point
3,902.00 °C
  
13
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
  
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
  
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
  
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Reflectivity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Speed of Sound
2,490.00 m/s
  
36
Not Available
  
Allotropes
No
  
No
  
α Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
β Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
γ Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Chemical Formula
Th
  
Np
  
Isotopes
  
  
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
587.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
604.50 kJ/mol
  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,110.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
1,128.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,978.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
1,997.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.16 g/amp-hr
  
24
1.77 g/amp-hr
  
39
Electron Work Function
Not Available
  
Other Chemical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
11.72 g/cm3
  
32
19.38 g/cm3
  
14
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Tensile Strength
Not Available
  
Viscosity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available
  
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
  
Young's Modulus
Not Available
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
  
Other Mechanical Properties
Symbol
Th
  
Np
  
Group Number
Not Available
  
Period Number
7
  
7
  
Atomic Volume
19.90 cm3/mol
  
20
11.62 cm3/mol
  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 6d2 7s2
  
[Rn] 5f4 6d1 7s2
  
Valence Electron Potential
59.30 (-eV)
  
23
Atom
  
  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Thorium.jpg#100
  
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Neptunium.jpg#100
  
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
  
π/2, π/2, π/2
  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
157.00 nΩ·m
  
22
Electrical Conductivity
0.07 106/cm Ω
  
31
0.01 106/cm Ω
  
99+
Electron Affinity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Permeability
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Susceptibility
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)
  
40
0.12 J/(kg K)
  
40
Thermal Conductivity
54.00 W/m·K
  
28
6.30 W/m·K
  
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Molar Heat Capacity
26.23 J/mol·K
  
30
29.46 J/mol·K
  
8
Thermal Expansion
11.00 µm/(m·K)
  
36
Not Available
  
Standard Molar Entropy
27.30 J/mol.K
  
99+
Not Available
  
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
429.00 kJ/mol
  
15
Not Available
  
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol
  
19
3.20 kJ/mol
  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
468.60 kJ/mol
  
15
Not Available