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Protactinium Gallium Comparison

Protactinium
Gallium
Gallium Protactinium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pa   
Ga   
Group Number
Not Available   
13   
5
Period Number
7   
4   
Block
f block   
p block   
Element Family
Actinide   
Post-​Transition   
CAS Number
7440133   
99+
7440553   
32
Space Group Name
I4/mmm   
Cmca   
Space Group Number
139.00   
8
64.00   
9
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Protactinium metal has 29 isotopes.
  • Isotopes of Protactinium-231 used in nuclear weapon.
  
  • A gram of Gallium metal can be bought for only three dollars.
  • Gallium metal found in ores of following things Coal, Bauxite, Diaspore, Sphalerite, Germanite and Zinc.
  
Sources
Found in Uranium Ores, Mining, Ores of metals   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
William Crookes   
Lecoq de Boisbaudran   
Discovery
In 1900   
In 1875   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
1 * 10-6 %   
16
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.000004 %   
16
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
16
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
24
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
22
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Protactinium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Gallium arsenide is a very important component of many semiconductors and led manufacturing.
  • Gallium nitride is also know as a semiconductor and it is used in Blu-ray technology, mobile smartphones and LED.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
Other Uses
NA   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
0.08 Blood/mg dm-3   
13
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Not Available   
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,568.00 °C   
21
29.78 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
4,027.00 °C   
12
2,403.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silver   
Silvery White   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
1.50   
18
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
56.80 MPa   
99+
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
2,740.00 m/s   
31
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pa   
Ga   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
27   
12
24   
15
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.50   
27
1.81   
15
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.42   
2
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.14   
28
1.82   
1
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.01   
5
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.76   
14
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.50   
27
2.19   
39
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol   
99+
578.80 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,979.30 kJ/mol   
13
3rd Energy Level
1,814.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,963.00 kJ/mol   
28
4th Energy Level
2,991.00 kJ/mol   
99+
6,180.00 kJ/mol   
8
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.72 g/amp-hr   
99+
0.87 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
4.20 eV   
23
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
91   
27
31   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2   
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1   
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)   
Orthorhombic (ORTH)   
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Protactinium.jpg#100   
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Gallium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
91   
27
31   
99+
Number of Neutrons
122   
21
39   
99+
Number of Electrons
91   
27
31   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
163.00 pm   
25
135.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
200.00 pm   
11
122.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
243.00 pm   
11
187.00 pm   
32
Atomic Weight
231.04 amu   
24
69.72 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
15.00 cm3/mol   
34
11.80 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Thorium
  
Zinc
  
Next Element
Uranium
  
Rubidium
  
Valence Electron Potential
92.00 (-eV)   
11
69.70 (-eV)   
19
Lattice Constant
392.50 pm   
23
451.97 pm   
18
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
15.37 g/cm3   
20
5.91 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
6.10 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
15
Elasticity properties
  
  
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
9.80 GPa   
99+
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.47   
1
Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
15.37   
12
5.91   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Semiconductor   
Resistivity
177.00 nΩ·m   
21
270.00 nΩ·m   
15
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω   
34
0.07 106/cm Ω   
29
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
28.90 kJ/mol   
31
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
0.37 J/(kg K)   
16
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
25.86 J/mol·K   
35
Thermal Conductivity
47.00 W/m·K   
32
40.60 W/m·K   
34
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)   
40
18.00 µm/(m·K)   
24
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
256.10 kJ/mol   
36
Enthalpy of Fusion
12.34 kJ/mol   
28
5.59 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available   
276.10 kJ/mol   
39
Standard Molar Entropy
198.10 J/mol.K   
1
40.80 J/mol.K   
38
Summary >>
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