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Radium vs Californium

Radium
Californium
Californium vs Radium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ra   
Cf   
Group Number
2   
16
Not Available   
Period Number
7   
7   
Block
s block   
f block   
Element Family
Alkaline Earth   
Actinide   
CAS Number
7440144   
99+
7440713   
20
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
P63/mmc   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
194.00   
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
  • Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
  
  • Californium metal is very harmful and highly radioactive.
  • Californium metal is the heaviest metal.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals   
Made by Bombarding Curium with Helium Ions   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Not Available   
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory   
Discovery
In 1898   
In 1950   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
20
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
  • It is used in luminous paints.
  
  • Californium metal has a very strong neutron emitter. It is used as a metal detector.
  • It also used as an identifier to check Water and oil layers in oil wells.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Chemical Industry   
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry   
NA   
Other Uses
NA   
Alloys, Nuclear Research   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
No   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
In Bone
Not Available   
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
700.00 °C   
99+
900.00 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
1,737.00 °C   
99+
1,470.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silver   
Luster
Metallic   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
3.00   
12
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ra   
Cf   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33   
6
20   
19
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.90   
99+
1.30   
32
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97   
38
1.20   
27
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.92   
20
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
0.89   
99+
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.10   
5
2.70   
22
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol   
99+
608.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
979.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,206.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
2,267.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
3,599.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.22 g/amp-hr   
6
3.12 g/amp-hr   
15
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
88   
30
98   
20
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s2   
[Rn] 5f10 7s2   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Californium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
88   
30
98   
20
Number of Neutrons
138   
16
153   
9
Number of Electrons
88   
30
98   
20
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
Not Available   
186.00 pm   
9
Covalent Radius
221.00 pm   
3
Not Available   
Van der Waals Radius
283.00 pm   
4
Not Available   
Atomic Weight
226.00 amu   
26
251.00 amu   
17
Atomic Volume
45.20 cm3/mol   
4
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Francium
  
Berkelium
  
Next Element
Actinium
  
Einsteinium
  
Valence Electron Potential
20.10 (-eV)   
99+
44.50 (-eV)   
38
Lattice Constant
514.80 pm   
13
338.00 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
5.50 g/cm3   
99+
15.10 g/cm3   
21
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Malleable, Sectile   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
5.00   
99+
15.10   
13
Magnetic Ordering
Nonmagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
NA   
Unknown   
Resistivity
100.00 nΩ·m   
31
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Conductivity
18.60 W/m·K   
99+
Not Available   
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
Not Available   
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Atomization
163.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Standard Molar Entropy
71.00 J/mol.K   
14
Not Available   
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