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Radium vs Erbium

Radium
Erbium
Erbium vs Radium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ra   
Er   
Group Number
2   
16
Not Available   
Period Number
7   
6   
Block
s block   
f block   
Element Family
Alkaline Earth   
Lanthanide   
CAS Number
7440144   
99+
7440520   
35
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
P63/mmc   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
194.00   
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
  • Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
  
  • Erbium metal is used as alloyed with Vanadium to make it softer.
  • Recent studies shows that it is helpful for metabolism.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals   
Mining   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Not Available   
Carl Gustaf Mosander   
Discovery
In 1898   
In 1842   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
2 * 10-7 %   
22
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.0000001 %   
26
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
36
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
32
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
36
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %   
20
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
  • It is used in luminous paints.
  
  • It has a tendency to get tarnished in the open air, but when alloyed with elements like erbium, vanadium, its hardness levels decreases.
  • Its compounds like Erbium oxide is used in safety glasses of welders and metal workers.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Chemical Industry   
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry   
NA   
Other Uses
NA   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Mildly Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
No   
Physical Properties
Melting Point
700.00 °C   
99+
1,522.00 °C   
28
Boiling Point
1,737.00 °C   
99+
2,510.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silvery White   
Luster
Metallic   
Lustrous   
Hardness
  
  
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
814.00 MPa   
11
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
589.00 MPa   
19
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
2,830.00 m/s   
28
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ra   
Er   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33   
6
31   
8
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.90   
99+
1.24   
36
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97   
38
1.11   
29
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.92   
20
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
0.89   
99+
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.10   
5
2.76   
18
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol   
99+
589.30 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
979.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,150.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
2,194.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
4,120.00 kJ/mol   
33
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.22 g/amp-hr   
6
2.08 g/amp-hr   
28
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
88   
30
68   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s2   
[Xe] 4f12 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Erbium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
88   
30
68   
99+
Number of Neutrons
138   
16
99   
33
Number of Electrons
88   
30
68   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
Not Available   
176.00 pm   
18
Covalent Radius
221.00 pm   
3
189.00 pm   
19
Van der Waals Radius
283.00 pm   
4
Not Available   
Atomic Weight
226.00 amu   
26
167.26 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
45.20 cm3/mol   
4
18.40 cm3/mol   
25
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Francium
  
Holmium
  
Next Element
Actinium
  
Thulium
  
Valence Electron Potential
20.10 (-eV)   
99+
49.00 (-eV)   
29
Lattice Constant
514.80 pm   
13
355.88 pm   
39
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
1.57   
17
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
5.50 g/cm3   
99+
9.07 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
8.86 g/cm3   
23
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
20
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
28.30 GPa   
25
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
44.40 GPa   
27
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
69.90 GPa   
29
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.24   
28
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
5.00   
99+
9.07   
32
Magnetic Ordering
Nonmagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
NA   
Conductor   
Resistivity
100.00 nΩ·m   
31
0.86 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
0.17 J/(kg K)   
34
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
28.12 J/mol·K   
11
Thermal Conductivity
18.60 W/m·K   
99+
14.50 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
12.20 µm/(m·K)   
31
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
261.00 kJ/mol   
35
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
17.20 kJ/mol   
15
Enthalpy of Atomization
163.00 kJ/mol   
99+
314.00 kJ/mol   
33
Standard Molar Entropy
71.00 J/mol.K   
14
73.10 J/mol.K   
11
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