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Radium vs Indium

Radium
Indium
Indium vs Radium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ra  
In  
Group Number
2  
16
13  
5
Period Number
7  
5  
Block
s block  
p block  
Element Family
Alkaline Earth  
Post-​Transition  
CAS Number
7440144  
99+
7440746  
17
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
I4/mmm  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
139.00  
11
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
  • Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
  
  • Luster of Indium is bright in nature.
  • Reich and richer were looking for thallium in zinc metal and they discovered Indium metal.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals  
Mining, Ores of metals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter  
Discovery
In 1898  
In 1863  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
29
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
23
Abundance In Meteorites
-  
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
23
0.00 %  
16
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
  • It is used in luminous paints.
  
  • It is used to produce indium tin oxide (ITO), it is used in manufacturing touch screens, flat screen TVs and solar panels.
  • Its nitride, phosphide and antimonide are used in transistors and microchips.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry  
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry  
Medical Research  
Other Uses
-  
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
34
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
700.00 °C  
99+
156.61 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
1,737.00 °C  
99+
2,000.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silvery Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
Lustrous  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
1.00  
22
1.20  
21
Brinell Hardness
700.00 MPa  
17
8.80 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
140.00 MPa  
99+
0.01 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
3,150.00 m/s  
37
1,215.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.00  
99+
3.41  
1
Reflectivity
83.00 %  
6
83.00 %  
6
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Ra  
In  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33  
6
35  
4
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.90  
99+
1.78  
17
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.89  
99+
2.14  
9
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97  
39
1.49  
14
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.92  
99+
1.76  
18
Allen Electronegativity
0.89  
99+
1.66  
21
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.10  
5
2.22  
38
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
979.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,820.70 kJ/mol  
19
3rd Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
2,704.00 kJ/mol  
40
4th Energy Level
5,093.00 kJ/mol  
27
5,210.00 kJ/mol  
26
5th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
50,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
55,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
50,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
509.00 kJ/mol  
99+
558.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
509.00 kJ/mol  
99+
558.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
5,581.00 kJ/mol  
24
24th Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
509.00 kJ/mol  
99+
558.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
558.30 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
509.00 kJ/mol  
99+
558.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.22 g/amp-hr  
6
1.43 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.30 eV  
25
4.12 eV  
31
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
88  
30
49  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s2  
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Tetragonal (TETR)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Indium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
88  
30
49  
99+
Number of Neutrons
138  
17
66  
99+
Number of Electrons
88  
30
49  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
215.00 pm  
6
167.00 pm  
26
Covalent Radius
221.00 pm  
3
142.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
283.00 pm  
5
193.00 pm  
38
Atomic Weight
226.00 amu  
26
114.82 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
45.20 cm3/mol  
5
15.70 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Francium
  
Cadmium
  
Next Element
Actinium
  
Tin
  
Valence Electron Potential
20.10 (-eV)  
99+
54.00 (-eV)  
26
Lattice Constant
514.80 pm  
15
325.23 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57  
99+
1.56  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
5.50 g/cm3  
99+
7.31 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.50 g/cm3  
99+
7.02 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
40.00 MPa  
99+
2.50 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
2
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
16
0.01 (Pa)  
11
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
33
0.00 (Pa)  
24
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
25.00 GPa  
38
18.00 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
43.00 GPa  
33
46.90 GPa  
27
Young's Modulus
83.00 GPa  
25
11.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.31  
13
0.44  
3
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
5.00  
99+
7.31  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Nonmagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
9
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
18
0.00  
34
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
Conductor  
Resistivity
100.00 nΩ·m  
31
83.70 nΩ·m  
34
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.12 106/cm Ω  
20
Electron Affinity
0.90 kJ/mol  
99+
28.90 kJ/mol  
37
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.23 J/(kg K)  
27
Molar Heat Capacity
20.05 J/mol·K  
99+
26.74 J/mol·K  
32
Thermal Conductivity
18.60 W/m·K  
99+
81.80 W/m·K  
21
Critical Temperature
973.00 K  
99+
429.75 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
8.50 µm/(m·K)  
99+
32.10 µm/(m·K)  
9
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
113.00 kJ/mol  
99+
226.40 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
8.60 kJ/mol  
99+
3.28 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
163.00 kJ/mol  
99+
242.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
71.00 J/mol.K  
14
57.80 J/mol.K  
27
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