Rhenium Beryllium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Re
Be
Group Number
7
11
2
16
Period Number
6
2
Block
d block
s block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Alkaline Earth
CAS Number
7440155
99+
7440417
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Chemical properties of Rhenium are similar to Manganese.
- Rhenium metal is created while refining Molybdenum.
- Beryllium is best anti corrosion metal.
- Beryllium is the lightest metal and still it is stronger than steel.
- It also finds various applications in Nuclear reactors as a reflector.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Masataka Ogawa
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin
Discovery
In 1908
In 1797
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-8 %
29
1 * 10-7 %
23
Abundance In Sun
~0.00000001 %
29
~0.00000001 %
29
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
35
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
34
0.00 %
39
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
0.00 %
19
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Alloys of Rhenium are used as an electric contact material. It can resist withstand arc corrosion.
- Its catalysts are used in hydrogenation of fine chemicals. Its Alloy with nickel is used to produce turbine blades.
- Its alloys with copper or nickel are used in manufacturing Gyroscopes, springs, electrical contact and non sparking tools.
- Beryllium Alloys are used as a material for aircraft, missiles, spacecraft and satellite.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Low Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
In Blood
Not Available
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
32
In Bone
Not Available
0.00 p.p.m.
32
Physical Properties
Melting Point
3,180.00 °C
2
1,278.00 °C
36
Boiling Point
5,627.00 °C
2
2,970.00 °C
32
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Gray
White Gray
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
7.00
3
5.50
7
Brinell Hardness
1,320.00 MPa
8
590.00 MPa
21
Vickers Hardness
1,350.00 MPa
7
1,670.00 MPa
4
Speed of Sound
4,700.00 m/s
15
12,890.00 m/s
2
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Re
Be
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
33
6
9
29
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.90
11
1.57
24
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
1.81
12
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.46
15
1.47
14
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
1.54
12
Allen Electronegativity
1.60
21
1.58
23
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.10
99+
2.43
30
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol
20
899.50 kJ/mol
7
2nd Energy Level
1,260.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,757.10 kJ/mol
23
3rd Energy Level
2,510.00 kJ/mol
99+
14,848.70 kJ/mol
2
4th Energy Level
3,640.00 kJ/mol
99+
21,006.60 kJ/mol
2
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.99 g/amp-hr
99+
0.17 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.96 eV
7
4.98 eV
6
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
75
99+
4
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2
[He] 2s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Beryllium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
75
40
4
99+
Number of Neutrons
111
26
5
99+
Number of Electrons
75
40
4
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
137.00 pm
40
112.00 pm
99+
Covalent Radius
151.00 pm
34
96.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
153.00 pm
99+
Atomic Weight
186.21 amu
36
9.01 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
8.85 cm3/mol
99+
5.00 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
180.00 (-eV)
3
82.00 (-eV)
15
Lattice Constant
276.10 pm
99+
228.58 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.62
3
1.57
18
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
21.02 g/cm3
12
1.85 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
18.90 g/cm3
4
1.69 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
1,070.00 MPa
3
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
19
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
29
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
178.00 GPa
3
132.00 GPa
7
Bulk Modulus
370.00 GPa
2
130.00 GPa
13
Young's Modulus
463.00 GPa
2
287.00 GPa
7
Poisson Ratio
0.30
14
0.03
35
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
21.02
5
1.85
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Semiconductor
Resistivity
193.00 nΩ·m
20
36.00 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω
33
0.31 106/cm Ω
5
Electron Affinity
14.50 kJ/mol
35
0.00 kJ/mol
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
1.82 J/(kg K)
2
Molar Heat Capacity
25.48 J/mol·K
38
16.44 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
48.00 W/m·K
31
200.00 W/m·K
6
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
6.20 µm/(m·K)
99+
11.30 µm/(m·K)
34
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
707.10 kJ/mol
3
294.70 kJ/mol
30
Enthalpy of Fusion
33.05 kJ/mol
2
11.72 kJ/mol
30
Enthalpy of Atomization
791.00 kJ/mol
2
326.40 kJ/mol
30
Standard Molar Entropy
36.90 J/mol.K
99+
9.50 J/mol.K
99+
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