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Rhenium vs Beryllium


Beryllium vs Rhenium


Periodic Table

Symbol
Re   
Be   

Group Number
7   
11
2   
16

Period Number
6   
2   

Block
d block   
s block   

Element Family
Transition Metal   
Alkaline Earth   

CAS Number
7440155   
99+
7440417   
99+

Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
P63/mmc   

Space Group Number
194.00   
5
194.00   
5

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Chemical properties of Rhenium are similar to Manganese.
  • Rhenium metal is created while refining Molybdenum.
  
  • Beryllium is best anti corrosion metal.
  • Beryllium is the lightest metal and still it is stronger than steel.
  • It also finds various applications in Nuclear reactors as a reflector.
  

Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Masataka Ogawa   
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin   

Discovery
In 1908   
In 1797   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-8 %   
29
1 * 10-7 %   
23

Abundance In Sun
~0.00000001 %   
29
~0.00000001 %   
29

Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
99+

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
35

Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
34
0.00 %   
39

Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
19

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Alloys of Rhenium are used as an electric contact material. It can resist withstand arc corrosion.
  • Its catalysts are used in hydrogenation of fine chemicals. Its Alloy with nickel is used to produce turbine blades.
  
  • Its alloys with copper or nickel are used in manufacturing Gyroscopes, springs, electrical contact and non sparking tools.
  • Beryllium Alloys are used as a material for aircraft, missiles, spacecraft and satellite.
  

Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   

Medical Uses
NA   
NA   

Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Low Toxic   
Toxic   

Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   

In Blood
Not Available   
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
32

In Bone
Not Available   
0.00 p.p.m.   
32

Physical Properties

Melting Point
3,180.00 °C   
2
1,278.00 °C   
36

Boiling Point
5,627.00 °C   
2
2,970.00 °C   
32

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Silvery Gray   
White Gray   

Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
7.00   
3
5.50   
7

Brinell Hardness
1,320.00 MPa   
8
590.00 MPa   
21

Vickers Hardness
1,350.00 MPa   
7
1,670.00 MPa   
4

Speed of Sound
4,700.00 m/s   
15
12,890.00 m/s   
2

Optical Properties
  
  

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Re   
Be   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
33   
6
9   
29

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.90   
11
1.57   
24

Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.81   
12

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.46   
15
1.47   
14

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.54   
12

Allen Electronegativity
1.60   
21
1.58   
23

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.10   
99+
2.43   
30

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol   
20
899.50 kJ/mol   
7

2nd Energy Level
1,260.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,757.10 kJ/mol   
23

3rd Energy Level
2,510.00 kJ/mol   
99+
14,848.70 kJ/mol   
2

4th Energy Level
3,640.00 kJ/mol   
99+
21,006.60 kJ/mol   
2

Electrochemical Equivalent
0.99 g/amp-hr   
99+
0.17 g/amp-hr   
99+

Electron Work Function
4.96 eV   
7
4.98 eV   
6

Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
75   
99+
4   
99+

Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2   
[He] 2s2   

Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   

Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Beryllium.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
75   
40
4   
99+

Number of Neutrons
111   
26
5   
99+

Number of Electrons
75   
40
4   
99+

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
137.00 pm   
40
112.00 pm   
99+

Covalent Radius
151.00 pm   
34
96.00 pm   
99+

Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
153.00 pm   
99+

Atomic Weight
186.21 amu   
36
9.01 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
8.85 cm3/mol   
99+
5.00 cm3/mol   
99+

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Tungsten
  
Lithium
  

Next Element
Osmium
  
Sodium
  

Valence Electron Potential
180.00 (-eV)   
3
82.00 (-eV)   
15

Lattice Constant
276.10 pm   
99+
228.58 pm   
99+

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   

Lattice C/A Ratio
1.62   
3
1.57   
18

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
21.02 g/cm3   
12
1.85 g/cm3   
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
18.90 g/cm3   
4
1.69 g/cm3   
99+

Tensile Strength
1,070.00 MPa   
3
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
19

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
29
Not Available   

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
178.00 GPa   
3
132.00 GPa   
7

Bulk Modulus
370.00 GPa   
2
130.00 GPa   
13

Young's Modulus
463.00 GPa   
2
287.00 GPa   
7

Poisson Ratio
0.30   
14
0.03   
35

Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
NA   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
21.02   
5
1.85   
99+

Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Conductor   
Semiconductor   

Resistivity
193.00 nΩ·m   
20
36.00 nΩ·m   
99+

Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω   
33
0.31 106/cm Ω   
5

Electron Affinity
14.50 kJ/mol   
35
0.00 kJ/mol   
40

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
1.82 J/(kg K)   
2

Molar Heat Capacity
25.48 J/mol·K   
38
16.44 J/mol·K   
99+

Thermal Conductivity
48.00 W/m·K   
31
200.00 W/m·K   
6

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
6.20 µm/(m·K)   
99+
11.30 µm/(m·K)   
34

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
707.10 kJ/mol   
3
294.70 kJ/mol   
30

Enthalpy of Fusion
33.05 kJ/mol   
2
11.72 kJ/mol   
30

Enthalpy of Atomization
791.00 kJ/mol   
2
326.40 kJ/mol   
30

Standard Molar Entropy
36.90 J/mol.K   
99+
9.50 J/mol.K   
99+

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