Beryllium vs Rhenium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Be
Re
Group Number
2
16
7
11
Period Number
2
6
Block
s block
d block
Element Family
Alkaline Earth
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440417
99+
7440155
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Beryllium is best anti corrosion metal.
- Beryllium is the lightest metal and still it is stronger than steel.
- It also finds various applications in Nuclear reactors as a reflector.
- Chemical properties of Rhenium are similar to Manganese.
- Rhenium metal is created while refining Molybdenum.
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin
Masataka Ogawa
Discovery
In 1797
In 1908
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-7 %
23
2 * 10-8 %
29
Abundance In Sun
~0.00000001 %
29
~0.00000001 %
29
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
35
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
39
0.00 %
34
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
19
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Its alloys with copper or nickel are used in manufacturing Gyroscopes, springs, electrical contact and non sparking tools.
- Beryllium Alloys are used as a material for aircraft, missiles, spacecraft and satellite.
- Alloys of Rhenium are used as an electric contact material. It can resist withstand arc corrosion.
- Its catalysts are used in hydrogenation of fine chemicals. Its Alloy with nickel is used to produce turbine blades.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Low Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
32
Not Available
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
32
Not Available
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,278.00 °C
36
3,180.00 °C
2
Boiling Point
2,970.00 °C
32
5,627.00 °C
2
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
White Gray
Silvery Gray
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
5.50
7
7.00
3
Brinell Hardness
590.00 MPa
21
1,320.00 MPa
8
Vickers Hardness
1,670.00 MPa
4
1,350.00 MPa
7
Speed of Sound
12,890.00 m/s
2
4,700.00 m/s
15
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Be
Re
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
9
29
33
6
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.57
24
1.90
11
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.81
12
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.47
14
1.46
15
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.54
12
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
1.58
23
1.60
21
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.43
30
2.10
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
899.50 kJ/mol
7
760.00 kJ/mol
20
2nd Energy Level
1,757.10 kJ/mol
23
1,260.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
14,848.70 kJ/mol
2
2,510.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
21,006.60 kJ/mol
2
3,640.00 kJ/mol
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.17 g/amp-hr
99+
0.99 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.98 eV
6
4.96 eV
7
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
4
99+
75
99+
Electron Configuration
[He] 2s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Beryllium.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
4
99+
75
40
Number of Neutrons
5
99+
111
26
Number of Electrons
4
99+
75
40
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
112.00 pm
99+
137.00 pm
40
Covalent Radius
96.00 pm
99+
151.00 pm
34
Van der Waals Radius
153.00 pm
99+
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
9.01 amu
99+
186.21 amu
36
Atomic Volume
5.00 cm3/mol
99+
8.85 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
82.00 (-eV)
15
180.00 (-eV)
3
Lattice Constant
228.58 pm
99+
276.10 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.57
18
1.62
3
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
1.85 g/cm3
99+
21.02 g/cm3
12
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.69 g/cm3
99+
18.90 g/cm3
4
Tensile Strength
Not Available
1,070.00 MPa
3
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
19
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
29
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
132.00 GPa
7
178.00 GPa
3
Bulk Modulus
130.00 GPa
13
370.00 GPa
2
Young's Modulus
287.00 GPa
7
463.00 GPa
2
Poisson Ratio
0.03
35
0.30
14
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
1.85
99+
21.02
5
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Semiconductor
Conductor
Resistivity
36.00 nΩ·m
99+
193.00 nΩ·m
20
Electrical Conductivity
0.31 106/cm Ω
5
0.05 106/cm Ω
33
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol
40
14.50 kJ/mol
35
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
1.82 J/(kg K)
2
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
Molar Heat Capacity
16.44 J/mol·K
99+
25.48 J/mol·K
38
Thermal Conductivity
200.00 W/m·K
6
48.00 W/m·K
31
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
11.30 µm/(m·K)
34
6.20 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
294.70 kJ/mol
30
707.10 kJ/mol
3
Enthalpy of Fusion
11.72 kJ/mol
30
33.05 kJ/mol
2
Enthalpy of Atomization
326.40 kJ/mol
30
791.00 kJ/mol
2
Standard Molar Entropy
9.50 J/mol.K
99+
36.90 J/mol.K
99+
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