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Rhodium Silver Comparison


Silver Rhodium comparison


Periodic Table

Symbol
Rh   
Ag   

Group Number
9   
9
11   
7

Period Number
5   
5   

Block
d block   
d block   

Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   

CAS Number
7440166   
99+
7440224   
99+

Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
Fm_ 3m   

Space Group Number
225.00   
2
225.00   
2

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Rhodium is the rarest element out of all non-radioactive metals on the earth .
  • Rhodium is one of the most durable and hard metal, which also have high reflectance.
  
  • It is the most reflective element.
  • Silver is the second most ductile metal after Gold.
  • It is also used in Dentistry as a dental alloys for clips and crowning.
  

Sources
Earth's crust, Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Ores of metals   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
William Hyde Wollaston   
Unknown   

Discovery
In 1804   
Before 5000 BC   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-8 %   
26
6 * 10-8 %   
26

Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %   
25
~0.0000001 %   
26

Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
36
0.00 %   
38

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.00 %   
99+

Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
19

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Rhodium metal is mainly used in catalytic converters for cars as it reduces nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases.
  • It is used as an industrial catalyst for nitric acid, acetic acid, hydrogenation reaction, etc.
  
  • Silver is mainly used for Jewelry and show piece.
  • It is used for manufacturing high quality mirrors due to its reflectivity property.
  

Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry   

Medical Uses
NA   
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry   

Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
NA   
Non Toxic   

Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   

In Blood
Not Available   
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
29

In Bone
Not Available   
0.44 p.p.m.   
20

Physical Properties

Melting Point
1,966.00 °C   
12
961.93 °C   
99+

Boiling Point
3,727.00 °C   
17
2,212.00 °C   
99+

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Silvery White   
Silvery White   

Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
6.00   
6
2.50   
14

Brinell Hardness
980.00 MPa   
9
251.00 MPa   
37

Vickers Hardness
1,100.00 MPa   
9
229.00 MPa   
30

Speed of Sound
4,700.00 m/s   
15
2,680.00 m/s   
34

Optical Properties
  
  

Reflectivity
84.00 %   
4
97.00 %   
1

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Rh   
Ag   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
16   
23
36   
3

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
2.28   
3
1.93   
9

Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.83   
11

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.45   
16
1.42   
18

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.47   
15

Allen Electronegativity
1.56   
24
1.87   
7

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
1.72   
99+
2.07   
99+

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
719.70 kJ/mol   
29
731.00 kJ/mol   
27

2nd Energy Level
1,740.00 kJ/mol   
26
2,070.00 kJ/mol   
11

3rd Energy Level
2,997.00 kJ/mol   
27
3,361.00 kJ/mol   
19

Electrochemical Equivalent
1.28 g/amp-hr   
99+
4.02 g/amp-hr   
7

Electron Work Function
4.98 eV   
6
4.26 eV   
20

Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
45   
99+
47   
99+

Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d8 5s1   
[Kr] 4d10 5s1   

Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   

Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Rhodium.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Silver.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
45   
99+
47   
99+

Number of Neutrons
58   
99+
61   
99+

Number of Electrons
45   
99+
47   
99+

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
134.00 pm   
99+
144.00 pm   
36

Covalent Radius
142.00 pm   
99+
145.00 pm   
39

Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
172.00 pm   
38

Atomic Weight
102.91 amu   
99+
107.87 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
8.30 cm3/mol   
99+
10.30 cm3/mol   
99+

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Ruthenium
  
Palladium
  

Next Element
Palladium
  
Cadmium
  

Valence Electron Potential
64.00 (-eV)   
22
11.40 (-eV)   
99+

Lattice Constant
380.34 pm   
27
408.53 pm   
20

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
12.41 g/cm3   
28
10.49 g/cm3   
35

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.70 g/cm3   
14
9.32 g/cm3   
21

Tensile Strength
951.00 MPa   
5
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
14

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.02 (Pa)   
19
Not Available   

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
150.00 GPa   
6
30.00 GPa   
23

Bulk Modulus
275.00 GPa   
5
100.00 GPa   
16

Young's Modulus
380.00 GPa   
5
83.00 GPa   
23

Poisson Ratio
0.26   
22
0.37   
7

Other Mechanical Properties
Malleable   
Ductile, Malleable   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
12.41   
20
10.50   
26

Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   

Susceptibility
Not Available   
0.00   
5

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   

Resistivity
43.30 nΩ·m   
99+
15.87 nΩ·m   
99+

Electrical Conductivity
0.21 106/cm Ω   
8
0.63 106/cm Ω   
1

Electron Affinity
109.70 kJ/mol   
7
125.60 kJ/mol   
5

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)   
22
0.24 J/(kg K)   
25

Molar Heat Capacity
24.98 J/mol·K   
99+
25.35 J/mol·K   
99+

Thermal Conductivity
150.00 W/m·K   
9
429.00 W/m·K   
1

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
8.20 µm/(m·K)   
99+
18.90 µm/(m·K)   
23

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
495.40 kJ/mol   
12
255.10 kJ/mol   
37

Enthalpy of Fusion
21.76 kJ/mol   
10
11.30 kJ/mol   
31

Enthalpy of Atomization
556.50 kJ/mol   
12
284.50 kJ/mol   
37

Standard Molar Entropy
31.50 J/mol.K   
99+
42.60 J/mol.K   
35

Summary >>
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