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Silver vs Vanadium

Silver
Vanadium
Vanadium vs Silver


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ag   
V   
Group Number
11   
7
5   
13
Period Number
5   
4   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440224   
99+
7440622   
27
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
225.00   
2
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • It is the most reflective element.
  • Silver is the second most ductile metal after Gold.
  • It is also used in Dentistry as a dental alloys for clips and crowning.
  
  • Vanadium is a highly reactive metal, hence it is not found free in nature.
  • Vanadium can be found in almost 65 different types of minerals.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Ores of metals   
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Unknown   
Andrés Manuel del Río   
Discovery
Before 5000 BC   
In 1801   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-8 %   
26
1 * 10-4 %   
10
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %   
26
~0.00004 %   
13
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
38
0.01 %   
14
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.02 %   
12
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
19
0.00 %   
14
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
16
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Silver is mainly used for Jewelry and show piece.
  • It is used for manufacturing high quality mirrors due to its reflectivity property.
  
  • Its ally with steel is used very tough and hence it is used in armor plates, axles, piston rods, tools and crankshafts.
  • Its oxide is used as pigments for glass and ceramics.
  
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry   
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
29
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
36
In Bone
0.44 p.p.m.   
20
0.00 p.p.m.   
31
Physical Properties
Melting Point
961.93 °C   
99+
1,890.00 °C   
13
Boiling Point
2,212.00 °C   
99+
3,380.00 °C   
20
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Blue-Silver Grey   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.50   
14
6.70   
4
Brinell Hardness
251.00 MPa   
37
600.00 MPa   
20
Vickers Hardness
229.00 MPa   
30
628.00 MPa   
17
Speed of Sound
2,680.00 m/s   
34
4,560.00 m/s   
17
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
97.00 %   
1
61.00 %   
14
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ag   
V   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
36   
3
22   
17
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.93   
9
1.63   
20
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.83   
11
1.39   
17
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.42   
18
1.45   
16
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.47   
15
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
1.87   
7
1.53   
26
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.07   
99+
2.37   
34
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol   
27
650.90 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
2,070.00 kJ/mol   
11
1,414.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
3,361.00 kJ/mol   
19
2,830.00 kJ/mol   
35
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
4,507.00 kJ/mol   
25
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
6,298.70 kJ/mol   
23
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
12,363.00 kJ/mol   
5
7th Energy level
Not Available   
14,530.00 kJ/mol   
5
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
16,730.00 kJ/mol   
7
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
19,860.00 kJ/mol   
7
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
22,240.00 kJ/mol   
12
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
24,670.00 kJ/mol   
15
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
29,730.00 kJ/mol   
12
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
32,446.00 kJ/mol   
12
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
86,450.00 kJ/mol   
1
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
94,170.00 kJ/mol   
2
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
102,300.00 kJ/mol   
3
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
112,700.00 kJ/mol   
4
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
121,600.00 kJ/mol   
5
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
130,700.00 kJ/mol   
6
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
143,400.00 kJ/mol   
8
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
151,440.00 kJ/mol   
8
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.02 g/amp-hr   
7
0.38 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.26 eV   
20
4.30 eV   
18
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility   
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
47   
99+
23   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s1   
[Ar] 3d3 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Silver.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
47   
99+
23   
99+
Number of Neutrons
61   
99+
28   
99+
Number of Electrons
47   
99+
23   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
144.00 pm   
36
134.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
145.00 pm   
39
153.00 pm   
33
Van der Waals Radius
172.00 pm   
38
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
107.87 amu   
99+
50.94 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
10.30 cm3/mol   
99+
8.78 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Palladium
  
Titanium
  
Next Element
Cadmium
  
Chromium
  
Valence Electron Potential
11.40 (-eV)   
99+
120.00 (-eV)   
6
Lattice Constant
408.53 pm   
20
303.00 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
10.49 g/cm3   
35
6.00 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.32 g/cm3   
21
5.50 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
800.00 MPa   
6
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
14
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.23 (Pa)   
16
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa   
23
47.00 GPa   
16
Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa   
16
160.00 GPa   
11
Young's Modulus
83.00 GPa   
23
128.00 GPa   
15
Poisson Ratio
0.37   
7
0.37   
7
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
10.50   
26
5.96   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Susceptibility
0.00   
5
Not Available   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Superconductor   
Resistivity
15.87 nΩ·m   
99+
197.00 nΩ·m   
19
Electrical Conductivity
0.63 106/cm Ω   
1
0.05 106/cm Ω   
35
Electron Affinity
125.60 kJ/mol   
5
50.60 kJ/mol   
20
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)   
25
0.49 J/(kg K)   
10
Molar Heat Capacity
25.35 J/mol·K   
99+
24.89 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
429.00 W/m·K   
1
30.70 W/m·K   
39
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
18.90 µm/(m·K)   
23
8.40 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
255.10 kJ/mol   
37
458.60 kJ/mol   
14
Enthalpy of Fusion
11.30 kJ/mol   
31
17.57 kJ/mol   
14
Enthalpy of Atomization
284.50 kJ/mol   
37
514.60 kJ/mol   
13
Standard Molar Entropy
42.60 J/mol.K   
35
28.90 J/mol.K   
99+
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