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Samarium Radium Comparison

Samarium
Radium
Radium Samarium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Sm  
Ra  
Group Number
3  
15
2  
16
Period Number
6  
7  
Block
f block  
s block  
Element Family
Lanthanide  
Alkaline Earth  
CAS Number
7440199  
99+
7440144  
99+
Space Group Name
R_ 3m  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
166.00  
9
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Samarium metals helps stimulating body metabolism.
  • Samarium metals was 1st observed by Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac in Dydimia in 1853.
  
  • Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
  • Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Mining, Ores of metals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lecoq de Boisbaudran  
-  
Discovery
In 1879  
In 1898  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
20
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
37
-  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
29
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
23
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Magnets of Samarium cobalt alloy are stronger than that of Iron and hence, they are used in microwave application.
  • Samarium metal also used in optical lasers and infrared absorbing glasses and as a neutron absorber.
  
  • It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
  • It is used in luminous paints.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
Pharmaceutical Industry  
Other Uses
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors  
-  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Slightly Toxic  
Highly Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3  
22
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
34
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
1,072.00 °C  
99+
700.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
1,900.00 °C  
99+
1,737.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silvery White  
Luster
Lustrous  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
5.50  
7
1.00  
22
Brinell Hardness
441.00 MPa  
32
700.00 MPa  
17
Vickers Hardness
412.00 MPa  
40
140.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,130.00 m/s  
99+
3,150.00 m/s  
37
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.80  
22
1.00  
99+
Reflectivity
65.00 %  
18
83.00 %  
6
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Sm  
Ra  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
30  
9
33  
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.17  
99+
0.90  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.17  
33
0.89  
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07  
33
0.97  
39
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.17  
40
0.92  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
1.17  
99+
0.89  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.83  
14
3.10  
5
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
544.50 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,070.00 kJ/mol  
99+
979.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,260.00 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,093.00 kJ/mol  
27
5th Energy Level
5,445.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
5,445.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
5,445.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
5,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
5,440.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
5,445.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
5,445.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
5,440.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,445.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
5,450.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
54,450.00 kJ/mol  
99+
50,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
54,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
50,900.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
544.50 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
5,445.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,090.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
544.50 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
624.00 kJ/mol  
99+
509.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
544.50 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
624.00 kJ/mol  
37
509.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
544.50 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
544.50 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
544.00 kJ/mol  
99+
509.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
544.50 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
544.50 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
544.50 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
544.50 kJ/mol  
99+
509.30 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
544.00 kJ/mol  
99+
509.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.87 g/amp-hr  
38
4.22 g/amp-hr  
6
Electron Work Function
2.70 eV  
99+
4.30 eV  
25
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
62  
99+
88  
30
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f6 6s2  
[Rn] 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Samarium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
62  
99+
88  
30
Number of Neutrons
88  
40
138  
17
Number of Electrons
62  
99+
88  
30
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm  
16
215.00 pm  
6
Covalent Radius
198.00 pm  
13
221.00 pm  
3
Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm  
25
283.00 pm  
5
Atomic Weight
150.36 amu  
99+
226.00 amu  
26
Atomic Volume
19.95 cm3/mol  
31
45.20 cm3/mol  
5
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Promethium
  
Francium
  
Next Element
Europium
  
Actinium
  
Valence Electron Potential
44.80 (-eV)  
38
20.10 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
362.10 pm  
37
514.80 pm  
15
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.62  
15
1.57  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.52 g/cm3  
99+
5.50 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.16 g/cm3  
99+
5.50 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
50.00 MPa  
38
40.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
2
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.94 (Pa)  
9
0.00 (Pa)  
16
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
29
0.00 (Pa)  
33
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
19.50 GPa  
99+
25.00 GPa  
38
Bulk Modulus
37.80 GPa  
99+
43.00 GPa  
33
Young's Modulus
49.70 GPa  
40
83.00 GPa  
25
Poisson Ratio
0.27  
19
0.31  
13
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.52  
99+
5.00  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Nonmagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
9
0.00 H/m  
9
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
18
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
0.94 nΩ·m  
99+
100.00 nΩ·m  
31
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
0.90 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.20 J/(kg K)  
32
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
29.54 J/mol·K  
9
20.05 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
13.30 W/m·K  
99+
18.60 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,345.00 K  
99+
973.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
12.70 µm/(m·K)  
39
8.50 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
166.40 kJ/mol  
99+
113.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
8.62 kJ/mol  
99+
8.60 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
209.00 kJ/mol  
99+
163.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
69.60 J/mol.K  
15
71.00 J/mol.K  
14
Summary >>
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