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Samarium vs Gold

Samarium
Gold
Gold vs Samarium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Sm   
Au   
Group Number
Not Available   
11   
7
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
f block   
d block   
Element Family
Lanthanide   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440199   
99+
7440575   
31
Space Group Name
R_ 3m   
Fm_ 3m   
Space Group Number
166.00   
6
225.00   
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Samarium metals helps stimulating body metabolism.
  • Samarium metals was 1st observed by Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac in Dydimia in 1853.
  
  • It is found in copper ores and from the crust of the earth.
  • It is the most malleable and ductile metal.
  • Gold alloys are used in Dentistry as fillings, crowning, clips, etc. It is also used as an artificial limb joints.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Earth's crust, Mining, Ores of metals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lecoq de Boisbaudran   
Unknown   
Discovery
In 1879   
Before 6000 BCE   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-7 %   
19
6 * 10-8 %   
26
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %   
26
~0.0000001 %   
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
37
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
29
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
40
0.00 %   
21
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
18
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Magnets of Samarium cobalt alloy are stronger than that of Iron and hence, they are used in microwave application.
  • Samarium metal also used in optical lasers and infrared absorbing glasses and as a neutron absorber.
  
  • Gold metal is mainly used for Jewelry, bullion, coinage, etc.
  • It is used in the art, decoration, ornaments, etc. It is also used for electroplating process.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Other Uses
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors   
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Slightly Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
22
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
35
In Bone
Not Available   
0.02 p.p.m.   
30
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,072.00 °C   
99+
1,064.43 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
1,900.00 °C   
99+
2,807.00 °C   
36
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Gold   
Luster
Lustrous   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
2.50   
14
Brinell Hardness
441.00 MPa   
27
194.00 MPa   
99+
Vickers Hardness
412.00 MPa   
24
216.00 MPa   
31
Speed of Sound
2,130.00 m/s   
99+
2,030.00 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
95.00 %   
2
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Sm   
Au   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
30   
9
36   
3
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.17   
40
2.54   
1
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07   
32
1.42   
18
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.87   
7
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.92   
5
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.83   
14
1.46   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
544.50 kJ/mol   
99+
890.10 kJ/mol   
8
2nd Energy Level
1,070.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,980.00 kJ/mol   
12
3rd Energy Level
2,260.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
4th Energy Level
3,990.00 kJ/mol   
37
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.87 g/amp-hr   
34
2.45 g/amp-hr   
21
Electron Work Function
2.70 eV   
99+
5.10 eV   
4
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
62   
99+
79   
37
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f6 6s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1   
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Samarium.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Gold.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
62   
99+
79   
37
Number of Neutrons
88   
39
118   
23
Number of Electrons
62   
99+
79   
37
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm   
14
151.00 pm   
32
Covalent Radius
198.00 pm   
13
144.00 pm   
40
Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm   
20
166.00 pm   
39
Atomic Weight
150.36 amu   
99+
196.97 amu   
33
Atomic Volume
19.95 cm3/mol   
19
10.20 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Promethium
  
Platinum
  
Next Element
Europium
  
Mercury
  
Valence Electron Potential
44.80 (-eV)   
37
43.40 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
362.10 pm   
33
407.82 pm   
21
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
1.61   
4
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.52 g/cm3   
99+
19.30 g/cm3   
15
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.16 g/cm3   
32
17.31 g/cm3   
6
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
120.00 MPa   
15
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.94 (Pa)   
9
0.00 (Pa)   
23
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
67.00 (Pa)   
4
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
19.50 GPa   
34
27.00 GPa   
27
Bulk Modulus
37.80 GPa   
35
180.00 GPa   
9
Young's Modulus
49.70 GPa   
37
79.00 GPa   
24
Poisson Ratio
0.27   
19
0.40   
4
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.52   
99+
19.32   
8
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
0.94 nΩ·m   
99+
2.20 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.45 106/cm Ω   
3
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
222.80 kJ/mol   
1
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.20 J/(kg K)   
31
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
Molar Heat Capacity
29.54 J/mol·K   
7
25.42 J/mol·K   
40
Thermal Conductivity
13.30 W/m·K   
99+
318.00 W/m·K   
3
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
12.70 µm/(m·K)   
30
14.20 µm/(m·K)   
26
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
166.40 kJ/mol   
99+
324.40 kJ/mol   
27
Enthalpy of Fusion
8.62 kJ/mol   
40
12.55 kJ/mol   
27
Enthalpy of Atomization
209.00 kJ/mol   
99+
364.00 kJ/mol   
25
Standard Molar Entropy
69.60 J/mol.K   
15
47.40 J/mol.K   
32
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