Group Number
Not Available
Element Family
Transition Metal
Actinide
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
I4/mmm
Interesting Facts
- Scandium is known as one of the rare earth elements.
- Scandium metal found in rare minerals called Wolframite .
- Protactinium metal has 29 isotopes.
- Isotopes of Protactinium-231 used in nuclear weapon.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
Found in Uranium Ores, Mining, Ores of metals
Who Discovered
Lars Fredrik Nilson
William Crookes
Discovery
In 1879
In 1900
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Uses & Benefits
- Uses of Scandium are limited to research purpose only. However, it has very low density and higher melting point.
-
Its compounds like scandium iodide is used in mercury vapor lamps to produce very bright white light.
- Currently known uses of Protactinium metal are limited to research purpose only.
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silver
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
Speed of Sound
Not Available
Not Available
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
Pauling Electropositivity
5th Energy Level
Not Available
6th Energy Level
Not Available
7th Energy level
Not Available
8th Energy Level
Not Available
9th Energy Level
Not Available
10th Energy Level
Not Available
11th Energy Level
Not Available
12th Energy Level
Not Available
13th Energy Level
Not Available
14th Energy Level
Not Available
15th Energy Level
Not Available
16th Energy Level
Not Available
17th Energy Level
Not Available
18th Energy Level
Not Available
19th Energy Level
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
Electron Work Function
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d1 4s2
[Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Tetragonal (TETR)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Scandium.jpg#100
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Protactinium.jpg#100
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
Shear Modulus
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
Young's Modulus
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Unknown
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Electron Affinity
Not Available
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available