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Sodium vs Tantalum

Sodium
Tantalum
Tantalum vs Sodium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Na   
Ta   
Group Number
1   
17
5   
13
Period Number
3   
6   
Block
s block   
d block   
Element Family
Alkali   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440235   
99+
7440257   
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • At room temperature Sodium metal is very soft as it can be chopped down into pieces with butter knife.
  • The most common compound of Sodium is NaCl (Salt).
  
  • Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
  • Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
  
Sources
By Electrolysis Process, Mining   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Humphry Davy   
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg   
Discovery
In 1807   
In 1802   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-3 %   
6
8 * 10-9 %   
31
Abundance In Sun
~0.004 %   
6
~-9999 %   
Abundance In Meteorites
0.55 %   
6
0.00 %   
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.30 %   
5
0.00 %   
37
Abundance In Oceans
1.10 %   
1
0.00 %   
31
Abundance In Humans
0.14 %   
3
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • In some nuclear reactors sodium is used as a heat exchanger.
  • Compound of Sodium metals called Salt (Sodium chloride) is used in Food.
  
  • Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
  • Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic   
Low Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
1,970.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
1
Not Available   
In Bone
10,000.00 p.p.m.   
2
0.03 p.p.m.   
28
Physical Properties
Melting Point
97.72 °C   
99+
2,996.00 °C   
4
Boiling Point
883.00 °C   
99+
5,425.00 °C   
4
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Gray Blue   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
0.50   
22
6.50   
5
Brinell Hardness
0.69 MPa   
99+
440.00 MPa   
28
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
870.00 MPa   
12
Speed of Sound
3,200.00 m/s   
24
3,400.00 m/s   
22
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
78.00 %   
6
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Na   
Ta   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
17   
22
31   
8
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.93   
99+
1.50   
27
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.56   
30
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.01   
35
1.33   
22
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.91   
21
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
0.87   
99+
1.34   
33
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.07   
6
2.50   
27
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol   
99+
761.00 kJ/mol   
18
2nd Energy Level
4,562.00 kJ/mol   
4
1,500.00 kJ/mol   
40
3rd Energy Level
6,910.30 kJ/mol   
6
Not Available   
4th Energy Level
9,543.00 kJ/mol   
5
Not Available   
5th Energy Level
13,354.00 kJ/mol   
4
Not Available   
6th Energy Level
16,613.00 kJ/mol   
4
Not Available   
7th Energy level
20,117.00 kJ/mol   
4
Not Available   
8th Energy Level
25,496.00 kJ/mol   
4
Not Available   
9th Energy Level
28,932.00 kJ/mol   
4
Not Available   
10th Energy Level
141,362.00 kJ/mol   
2
Not Available   
11th Energy Level
159,076.00 kJ/mol   
2
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.86 g/amp-hr   
99+
1.35 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
2.75 eV   
40
4.25 eV   
21
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
11   
99+
73   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s1   
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
11   
99+
73   
99+
Number of Neutrons
12   
99+
108   
28
Number of Electrons
11   
99+
73   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
186.00 pm   
9
146.00 pm   
35
Covalent Radius
166.00 pm   
27
170.00 pm   
25
Van der Waals Radius
227.00 pm   
21
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
22.99 amu   
99+
180.95 amu   
38
Atomic Volume
23.70 cm3/mol   
10
10.90 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Beryllium
  
Hafnium
  
Next Element
Magnesium
  
Tungsten
  
Valence Electron Potential
14.10 (-eV)   
99+
110.00 (-eV)   
7
Lattice Constant
429.06 pm   
19
330.13 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
0.97 g/cm3   
99+
16.69 g/cm3   
18
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.93 g/cm3   
99+
15.00 g/cm3   
9
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
31
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
3.30 GPa   
99+
69.00 GPa   
13
Bulk Modulus
6.30 GPa   
99+
200.00 GPa   
8
Young's Modulus
10.00 GPa   
99+
186.00 GPa   
13
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.34   
10
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
0.97   
99+
16.65   
11
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
47.70 nΩ·m   
99+
131.00 nΩ·m   
25
Electrical Conductivity
0.21 106/cm Ω   
9
0.08 106/cm Ω   
27
Electron Affinity
52.80 kJ/mol   
19
31.00 kJ/mol   
29
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
1.23 J/(kg K)   
3
0.14 J/(kg K)   
37
Molar Heat Capacity
28.23 J/mol·K   
10
25.36 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
142.00 W/m·K   
11
57.50 W/m·K   
27
Critical Temperature
2,573.00 K   
2
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
71.00 µm/(m·K)   
4
6.30 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
89.04 kJ/mol   
99+
753.10 kJ/mol   
2
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.59 kJ/mol   
99+
31.40 kJ/mol   
3
Enthalpy of Atomization
108.40 kJ/mol   
99+
782.00 kJ/mol   
3
Standard Molar Entropy
51.30 J/mol.K   
28
41.50 J/mol.K   
37
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