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Tantalum vs Chromium

Tantalum
Chromium
Chromium vs Tantalum


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ta   
Cr   
Group Number
5   
13
6   
12
Period Number
6   
4   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440257   
99+
7440473   
39
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
  • Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
  
  • Chromium is highly reactive, hence it is not found free in nature.
  • Ores of Chromites mineral are the major source of Chromium metal.
  • Almost 90% leather tanning is done with the help of chromium.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg   
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin   
Discovery
In 1802   
In Between 1797 - 1798   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
8 * 10-9 %   
31
1.5 * 10-3 %   
7
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.002 %   
7
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
99+
0.30 %   
7
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
37
0.01 %   
13
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
31
0.00 %   
16
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
16
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
  • Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
  
  • It is used to harden the steel and produces a stainless steel and other various alloys.
  • It is also used to give proper finish to polished mirrors. Its chromium plates are used in bathroom fittings.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic   
Highly Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.11 Blood/mg dm-3   
12
In Bone
0.03 p.p.m.   
28
0.33 p.p.m.   
21
Physical Properties
Melting Point
2,996.00 °C   
4
1,857.00 °C   
14
Boiling Point
5,425.00 °C   
4
2,672.00 °C   
39
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Gray Blue   
Silver   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.50   
5
8.50   
1
Brinell Hardness
440.00 MPa   
28
687.00 MPa   
16
Vickers Hardness
870.00 MPa   
12
1,060.00 MPa   
10
Speed of Sound
3,400.00 m/s   
22
5,940.00 m/s   
5
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
78.00 %   
6
Not Available   
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ta   
Cr   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
31   
8
21   
18
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.50   
27
1.66   
18
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.66   
14
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.33   
22
1.56   
10
Allen Electronegativity
1.34   
33
1.65   
19
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.50   
27
2.34   
36
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol   
18
26,130.00 kJ/mol   
1
2nd Energy Level
1,500.00 kJ/mol   
40
28,750.00 kJ/mol   
1
3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
34,230.00 kJ/mol   
1
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
37,066.00 kJ/mol   
1
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
97,510.00 kJ/mol   
1
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
105,800.00 kJ/mol   
1
7th Energy level
Not Available   
114,300.00 kJ/mol   
1
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
125,300.00 kJ/mol   
1
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
134,700.00 kJ/mol   
1
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
144,300.00 kJ/mol   
1
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
26,130.00 kJ/mol   
12
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
28,750.00 kJ/mol   
13
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
34,230.00 kJ/mol   
10
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
37,066.00 kJ/mol   
12
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
97,510.00 kJ/mol   
1
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
105,800.00 kJ/mol   
2
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
114,300.00 kJ/mol   
3
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
125,300.00 kJ/mol   
4
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
134,700.00 kJ/mol   
5
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
144,300.00 kJ/mol   
7
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
157,700.00 kJ/mol   
7
22nd Energy Level
Not Available   
166,090.00 kJ/mol   
6
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.35 g/amp-hr   
99+
0.32 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.25 eV   
21
4.50 eV   
14
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
73   
99+
24   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2   
[Ar] 3d5 4s1   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
73   
99+
24   
99+
Number of Neutrons
108   
28
28   
99+
Number of Electrons
73   
99+
24   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
146.00 pm   
35
128.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
170.00 pm   
25
139.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
180.95 amu   
38
52.00 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
10.90 cm3/mol   
99+
7.23 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Hafnium
  
Vanadium
  
Next Element
Tungsten
  
Manganese
  
Valence Electron Potential
110.00 (-eV)   
7
170.00 (-eV)   
4
Lattice Constant
330.13 pm   
99+
291.00 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
16.69 g/cm3   
18
7.19 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.00 g/cm3   
9
6.30 g/cm3   
40
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
689.00 MPa   
7
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
24
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
31
774.00 (Pa)   
1
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
69.00 GPa   
13
115.00 GPa   
9
Bulk Modulus
200.00 GPa   
8
160.00 GPa   
11
Young's Modulus
186.00 GPa   
13
279.00 GPa   
8
Poisson Ratio
0.34   
10
0.21   
32
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
16.65   
11
7.19   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Antiferromagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
NA   
Resistivity
131.00 nΩ·m   
25
125.00 nΩ·m   
27
Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω   
27
0.08 106/cm Ω   
25
Electron Affinity
31.00 kJ/mol   
29
64.30 kJ/mol   
15
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)   
37
0.45 J/(kg K)   
12
Molar Heat Capacity
25.36 J/mol·K   
99+
23.35 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
57.50 W/m·K   
27
93.90 W/m·K   
17
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
6.30 µm/(m·K)   
99+
4.90 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
753.10 kJ/mol   
2
348.80 kJ/mol   
24
Enthalpy of Fusion
31.40 kJ/mol   
3
15.31 kJ/mol   
20
Enthalpy of Atomization
782.00 kJ/mol   
3
397.50 kJ/mol   
21
Standard Molar Entropy
41.50 J/mol.K   
37
23.80 J/mol.K   
99+
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