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Tantalum vs Magnesium

Tantalum
Magnesium
Magnesium vs Tantalum


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ta  
Mg  
Group Number
5  
13
2  
16
Period Number
6  
3  
Block
d block  
s block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Alkaline Earth  
CAS Number
7440257  
99+
7439954  
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
  • Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
  
  • Magnesium ions are present in every chlorophyll of every green plant .
  • Controlling Magnesium fire by pouring water on it will result in explosions.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
By Electrolysis Process, In Ocean, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg  
Joseph Black  
Discovery
In 1802  
In 1755  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
32
0.06 %  
3
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
18
0.07 %  
2
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
12.00 %  
2
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
37
2.90 %  
4
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
31
0.13 %  
2
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.03 %  
5
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
  • Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
  
  • Magnesium aluminum alloy improves the mechanical strength and welding characteristics and hence it is used in aeroplane and car manufacturing.
  • It is also used to remove sulfur from the molten iron and steel.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Pharmaceutical Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
37.80 Blood/mg dm-3  
5
In Bone
0.03 p.p.m.  
33
1,800.00 p.p.m.  
4
Physical
Melting Point
2,996.00 °C  
4
650.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
5,425.00 °C  
4
1,107.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Gray Blue  
Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.50  
5
2.50  
15
Brinell Hardness
440.00 MPa  
33
260.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
870.00 MPa  
19
260.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
3,400.00 m/s  
33
4,940.00 m/s  
15
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.15  
10
1.49  
37
Reflectivity
78.00 %  
8
74.00 %  
9
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Ta  
Mg  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
31  
8
15  
24
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.50  
28
1.31  
32
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.50  
18
1.32  
24
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.33  
23
1.23  
26
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.50  
26
1.37  
30
Allen Electronegativity
1.34  
38
1.29  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.50  
27
2.69  
23
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
18
737.70 kJ/mol  
24
2nd Energy Level
1,500.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,450.70 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,732.70 kJ/mol  
5
4th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
9
10,542.50 kJ/mol  
4
5th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
19
13,630.00 kJ/mol  
3
6th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
36
18,020.00 kJ/mol  
3
7th Energy level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
21,711.00 kJ/mol  
3
8th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
25,661.00 kJ/mol  
3
9th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
26
31,653.00 kJ/mol  
3
10th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
35,458.00 kJ/mol  
5
11th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
29
169,988.00 kJ/mol  
1
12th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
99+
189,368.00 kJ/mol  
1
13th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
22
7,370.00 kJ/mol  
24
14th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
19
737.70 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
76,100.00 kJ/mol  
19
73,700.00 kJ/mol  
21
16th Energy Level
76,100.00 kJ/mol  
14
73,770.00 kJ/mol  
16
17th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
35
737.70 kJ/mol  
37
18th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
25
7,370.00 kJ/mol  
27
19th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
32
737.70 kJ/mol  
34
20th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
26
737.00 kJ/mol  
28
21st Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
737.70 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
20
738.00 kJ/mol  
22
23rd Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
737.70 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
737.70 kJ/mol  
20
25th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
737.70 kJ/mol  
20
26th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
737.70 kJ/mol  
20
27th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
15
737.70 kJ/mol  
19
28th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
21
737.70 kJ/mol  
25
29th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
22
737.70 kJ/mol  
26
30th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
737.70 kJ/mol  
20
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.35 g/amp-hr  
99+
0.45 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.25 eV  
28
3.66 eV  
40
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Corrosion, Highly Inflammable, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
73  
99+
12  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2  
[Ne] 3s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Magnesium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
73  
99+
12  
99+
Number of Neutrons
108  
29
12  
99+
Number of Electrons
73  
99+
12  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
146.00 pm  
37
160.00 pm  
29
Covalent Radius
170.00 pm  
27
141.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
173.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
180.95 amu  
38
24.31 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
10.90 cm3/mol  
99+
13.97 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Hafnium
  
Sodium
  
Next Element
Tungsten
  
Aluminium
  
Valence Electron Potential
110.00 (-eV)  
7
40.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
330.13 pm  
99+
320.94 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.41  
99+
1.62  
15
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
16.69 g/cm3  
18
1.74 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.00 g/cm3  
23
1.58 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
180.00 MPa  
20
150.00 MPa  
25
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
24
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
69.00 GPa  
13
17.00 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
200.00 GPa  
8
45.00 GPa  
29
Young's Modulus
186.00 GPa  
14
45.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.34  
10
0.29  
15
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
16.65  
20
1.74  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
8
Susceptibility
0.00  
27
0.00  
33
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
131.00 nΩ·m  
25
43.90 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω  
32
0.23 106/cm Ω  
7
Electron Affinity
31.00 kJ/mol  
35
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)  
38
1.02 J/(kg K)  
4
Molar Heat Capacity
25.36 J/mol·K  
99+
24.87 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
57.50 W/m·K  
27
156.00 W/m·K  
8
Critical Temperature
3,290.00 K  
4
923.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
6.30 µm/(m·K)  
99+
24.80 µm/(m·K)  
15
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
753.10 kJ/mol  
2
128.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
31.40 kJ/mol  
3
8.95 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
782.00 kJ/mol  
3
148.50 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
41.50 J/mol.K  
99+
32.70 J/mol.K  
99+
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