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Tantalum vs Vanadium

Tantalum
Vanadium
Vanadium vs Tantalum


Periodic Table
Symbol
Ta  
V  
Group Number
5  
13
5  
13
Period Number
6  
4  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440257  
99+
7440622  
27
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
  • Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
  
  • Vanadium is a highly reactive metal, hence it is not found free in nature.
  • Vanadium can be found in almost 65 different types of minerals.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg  
Andrés Manuel del Río  
Discovery
In 1802  
In 1801  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
32
0.00 %  
11
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
18
0.00 %  
13
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.01 %  
14
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
37
0.02 %  
12
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
31
0.00 %  
14
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
19
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
  • Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
  
  • Its ally with steel is used very tough and hence it is used in armor plates, axles, piston rods, tools and crankshafts.
  • Its oxide is used as pigments for glass and ceramics.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic  
Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
39
In Bone
0.03 p.p.m.  
33
0.00 p.p.m.  
36
Physical
Melting Point
2,996.00 °C  
4
1,890.00 °C  
13
Boiling Point
5,425.00 °C  
4
3,380.00 °C  
21
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Gray Blue  
Blue-Silver Grey  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.50  
5
6.70  
4
Brinell Hardness
440.00 MPa  
33
600.00 MPa  
24
Vickers Hardness
870.00 MPa  
19
628.00 MPa  
25
Speed of Sound
3,400.00 m/s  
33
4,560.00 m/s  
22
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.15  
10
2.05  
13
Reflectivity
78.00 %  
8
61.00 %  
22
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Ta  
V  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
31  
8
22  
17
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.50  
28
1.63  
21
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.50  
18
1.39  
21
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.33  
23
1.45  
17
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.50  
26
1.63  
21
Allen Electronegativity
1.34  
38
1.53  
29
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.50  
27
2.37  
34
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
18
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,500.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,414.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,830.00 kJ/mol  
36
4th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
9
4,507.00 kJ/mol  
35
5th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
19
6,298.70 kJ/mol  
38
6th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
36
12,363.00 kJ/mol  
6
7th Energy level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
14,530.00 kJ/mol  
5
8th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
16,730.00 kJ/mol  
7
9th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
26
19,860.00 kJ/mol  
7
10th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
30
22,240.00 kJ/mol  
12
11th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
29
24,670.00 kJ/mol  
15
12th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
99+
29,730.00 kJ/mol  
34
13th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
22
32,446.00 kJ/mol  
12
14th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
19
86,450.00 kJ/mol  
1
15th Energy Level
76,100.00 kJ/mol  
19
94,170.00 kJ/mol  
3
16th Energy Level
76,100.00 kJ/mol  
14
102,300.00 kJ/mol  
3
17th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
35
112,700.00 kJ/mol  
4
18th Energy Level
7,610.00 kJ/mol  
25
121,600.00 kJ/mol  
5
19th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
32
130,700.00 kJ/mol  
6
20th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
26
143,400.00 kJ/mol  
8
21st Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
151,440.00 kJ/mol  
8
22nd Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
20
650.00 kJ/mol  
32
23rd Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
650.90 kJ/mol  
34
25th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
650.90 kJ/mol  
36
26th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
650.90 kJ/mol  
35
27th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
15
650.90 kJ/mol  
36
28th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
21
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
22
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol  
16
650.90 kJ/mol  
38
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.35 g/amp-hr  
99+
0.38 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.25 eV  
28
4.30 eV  
25
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
73  
99+
23  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2  
[Ar] 3d3 4s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
73  
99+
23  
99+
Number of Neutrons
108  
29
28  
99+
Number of Electrons
73  
99+
23  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
146.00 pm  
37
134.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
170.00 pm  
27
153.00 pm  
35
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
180.95 amu  
38
50.94 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
10.90 cm3/mol  
99+
8.78 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Hafnium
  
Titanium
  
Next Element
Tungsten
  
Chromium
  
Valence Electron Potential
110.00 (-eV)  
7
120.00 (-eV)  
6
Lattice Constant
330.13 pm  
99+
303.00 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.41  
99+
1.70  
9
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
16.69 g/cm3  
18
6.00 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.00 g/cm3  
23
5.50 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
180.00 MPa  
20
800.00 MPa  
6
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
11
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
0.23 (Pa)  
16
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
69.00 GPa  
13
47.00 GPa  
16
Bulk Modulus
200.00 GPa  
8
160.00 GPa  
11
Young's Modulus
186.00 GPa  
14
128.00 GPa  
17
Poisson Ratio
0.34  
10
0.37  
7
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
16.65  
20
5.96  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
15
Susceptibility
0.00  
27
0.00  
8
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Superconductor  
Resistivity
131.00 nΩ·m  
25
197.00 nΩ·m  
19
Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω  
32
0.05 106/cm Ω  
40
Electron Affinity
31.00 kJ/mol  
35
50.60 kJ/mol  
25
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)  
38
0.49 J/(kg K)  
10
Molar Heat Capacity
25.36 J/mol·K  
99+
24.89 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
57.50 W/m·K  
27
30.70 W/m·K  
40
Critical Temperature
3,290.00 K  
4
2,183.00 K  
15
Thermal Expansion
6.30 µm/(m·K)  
99+
8.40 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
753.10 kJ/mol  
2
458.60 kJ/mol  
19
Enthalpy of Fusion
31.40 kJ/mol  
3
17.57 kJ/mol  
14
Enthalpy of Atomization
782.00 kJ/mol  
3
514.60 kJ/mol  
17
Standard Molar Entropy
41.50 J/mol.K  
99+
28.90 J/mol.K  
99+
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