Terbium Actinium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Tb
Ac
Group Number
Not Available
Not Available
Period Number
6
7
Block
f block
f block
Element Family
Lanthanide
Actinide
CAS Number
7440279
99+
7440348
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
194.00
5
225.00
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
- At times Terbium metal acts same as Calcium.
- Terbium metal closely similar to Lanthanum metal.
Not Available
Sources
Found in Minerals, Found with Other Rare Earth Metals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Obtained by Treating Radium with Neutrons, Ores of metals
History
Who Discovered
Carl Gustaf Mosander
Friedrich Oskar Giesel
Discovery
In 1842
In 1902
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-8 %
27
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.00000001 %
29
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
40
Not Available
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
99+
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Terbium salts are used in optical devices like laser devices.
- Terbium’s alloy lengthens and shortens the magnetic field and this effect forms loudspeaker.
- Actinium metal has a great source of alpha rays but it is hardly used outside research purpose.
Industrial Uses
Electronic Industry
NA
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Low Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
In Blood
Not Available
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
Not Available
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,356.00 °C
33
1,227.00 °C
38
Boiling Point
3,123.00 °C
29
3,200.00 °C
26
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
NA
Hardness
Brinell Hardness
677.00 MPa
17
Not Available
Vickers Hardness
863.00 MPa
13
Not Available
Speed of Sound
2,620.00 m/s
35
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Tb
Ac
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
26
13
29
10
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available
1.10
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.10
30
1.00
36
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available
2.90
10
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
603.40 kJ/mol
99+
499.00 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,174.80 kJ/mol
99+
1,170.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,417.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,900.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
4,203.00 kJ/mol
31
4,700.00 kJ/mol
23
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.98 g/amp-hr
31
2.82 g/amp-hr
18
Electron Work Function
3.00 eV
36
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
65
99+
89
29
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f9 6s2
[Rn] 6d1 7s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Terbium.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Actinium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
65
99+
89
29
Number of Neutrons
94
36
138
16
Number of Electrons
65
99+
89
29
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
177.00 pm
17
195.00 pm
7
Covalent Radius
194.00 pm
16
Not Available
Van der Waals Radius
221.00 pm
22
Not Available
Atomic Weight
158.93 amu
99+
227.00 amu
25
Atomic Volume
19.20 cm3/mol
22
22.54 cm3/mol
11
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
46.80 (-eV)
33
38.60 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
360.10 pm
36
567.00 pm
8
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58
13
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
8.23 g/cm3
99+
10.00 g/cm3
37
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.65 g/cm3
30
Not Available
Tensile Strength
60.00 MPa
17
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
29
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
12.50 (Pa)
8
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
22.10 GPa
32
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
38.70 GPa
33
Not Available
Young's Modulus
55.70 GPa
34
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
0.26
21
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
8.23
39
10.07
28
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Unknown
Resistivity
1.15 nΩ·m
99+
Not Available
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
Not Available
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
21
Not Available
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K)
33
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
Molar Heat Capacity
28.91 J/mol·K
9
27.20 J/mol·K
18
Thermal Conductivity
11.10 W/m·K
99+
12.00 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
10.30 µm/(m·K)
38
Not Available
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
330.90 kJ/mol
26
Not Available
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.80 kJ/mol
34
Not Available
Enthalpy of Atomization
314.00 kJ/mol
33
301.00 kJ/mol
36
Standard Molar Entropy
73.20 J/mol.K
10
56.50 J/mol.K
25
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