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Terbium vs Iron

Terbium
Iron
Iron vs Terbium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Tb  
Fe  
Group Number
Not Available  
8  
10
Period Number
6  
4  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Lanthanide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440279  
99+
7439896  
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
5
229.00  
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • At times Terbium metal acts same as Calcium.
  • Terbium metal closely similar to Lanthanum metal.
  
  • Iron is not always magnetic in nature, its allotrope are ferromagnetic and the B allotrope is nonmagnetic.
  • The blood consists Iron in hemoglobin molecules to transfer Oxygen in the body.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Found with Other Rare Earth Metals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Carl Gustaf Mosander  
Unknown  
Discovery
In 1842  
Before 5000 BC  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-8 %  
27
1.1 * 10-1 %  
1
Abundance In Sun
~0.00000001 %  
29
~0.1 %  
1
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
22.00 %  
1
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
40
6.30 %  
2
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
12
Abundance In Humans
Not Available  
0.01 %  
5
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Terbium salts are used in optical devices like laser devices.
  • Terbium’s alloy lengthens and shortens the magnetic field and this effect forms loudspeaker.
  
  • Iron metal alloy steel is used in the application of civil engineering and manufacturing.
  • Alloys of iron with nickel, vanadium, chromium, tungsten and manganese have very useful properties.
  
Industrial Uses
Electronic Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
NA  
Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys, Sculptures, Statues  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Low Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
Not Available  
447.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
3
In Bone
Not Available  
380.00 p.p.m.  
5
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,356.00 °C  
33
1,535.00 °C  
25
Boiling Point
3,123.00 °C  
29
2,750.00 °C  
37
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available  
4.00  
10
Brinell Hardness
677.00 MPa  
17
200.00 MPa  
40
Vickers Hardness
863.00 MPa  
13
608.00 MPa  
18
Speed of Sound
2,620.00 m/s  
35
5,120.00 m/s  
8
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available  
65.00 %  
12
Allotropes
No  
Yes  
α Allotropes
Not Available  
Ferrite (alpha Iron)  
β Allotropes
Not Available  
beta Iron  
γ Allotropes
Not Available  
gamma Iron  
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Tb  
Fe  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
26  
13
26  
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available  
1.83  
14
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available  
2.20  
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.10  
30
1.64  
8
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available  
1.80  
12
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available  
2.17  
40
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
603.40 kJ/mol  
99+
762.50 kJ/mol  
17
2nd Energy Level
1,174.80 kJ/mol  
99+
1,561.90 kJ/mol  
36
3rd Energy Level
2,417.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,957.00 kJ/mol  
29
4th Energy Level
4,203.00 kJ/mol  
31
5,290.00 kJ/mol  
16
5th Energy Level
Not Available  
7,240.00 kJ/mol  
16
6th Energy Level
Not Available  
9,560.00 kJ/mol  
14
7th Energy level
Not Available  
12,060.00 kJ/mol  
15
8th Energy Level
Not Available  
14,580.00 kJ/mol  
14
9th Energy Level
Not Available  
22,540.00 kJ/mol  
5
10th Energy Level
Not Available  
25,290.00 kJ/mol  
8
11th Energy Level
Not Available  
28,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
12th Energy Level
Not Available  
31,920.00 kJ/mol  
9
13th Energy Level
Not Available  
34,830.00 kJ/mol  
9
14th Energy Level
Not Available  
37,840.00 kJ/mol  
11
15th Energy Level
Not Available  
44,100.00 kJ/mol  
11
16th Energy Level
Not Available  
47,206.00 kJ/mol  
13
17th Energy Level
Not Available  
122,200.00 kJ/mol  
1
18th Energy Level
Not Available  
131,000.00 kJ/mol  
2
19th Energy Level
Not Available  
140,500.00 kJ/mol  
3
20th Energy Level
Not Available  
152,600.00 kJ/mol  
5
21st Energy Level
Not Available  
163,000.00 kJ/mol  
5
22nd Energy Level
Not Available  
173,600.00 kJ/mol  
4
23rd Energy Level
Not Available  
188,100.00 kJ/mol  
4
24th Energy Level
Not Available  
195,200.00 kJ/mol  
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.98 g/amp-hr  
31
0.69 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
3.00 eV  
36
4.70 eV  
10
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
65  
99+
26  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f9 6s2  
[Ar] 3d6 4s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Terbium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
65  
99+
26  
99+
Number of Neutrons
94  
36
30  
99+
Number of Electrons
65  
99+
26  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
177.00 pm  
17
126.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
194.00 pm  
16
132.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
221.00 pm  
22
200.00 pm  
28
Atomic Weight
158.93 amu  
99+
55.85 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
19.20 cm3/mol  
22
7.10 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Gadolinium
  
Manganese
  
Next Element
Dysprosium
  
Cobalt
  
Valence Electron Potential
46.80 (-eV)  
33
67.00 (-eV)  
20
Lattice Constant
360.10 pm  
36
286.65 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58  
13
Not Available  
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
8.23 g/cm3  
99+
7.87 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.65 g/cm3  
30
6.98 g/cm3  
35
Tensile Strength
60.00 MPa  
17
11,000.00 MPa  
1
Viscosity
Not Available  
Not Available  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
29
0.00 (Pa)  
28
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
12.50 (Pa)  
8
36.80 (Pa)  
5
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
22.10 GPa  
32
82.00 GPa  
11
Bulk Modulus
38.70 GPa  
33
170.00 GPa  
10
Young's Modulus
55.70 GPa  
34
211.00 GPa  
9
Poisson Ratio
0.26  
21
0.29  
15
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable  
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
8.23  
39
7.20  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Ferromagnetic  
Permeability
Not Available  
6.3 * 10-3 H/m  
1
Susceptibility
Not Available  
2,00,000.00  
1
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
1.15 nΩ·m  
99+
96.10 nΩ·m  
32
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.10 106/cm Ω  
20
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol  
21
15.70 kJ/mol  
34
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K)  
33
0.44 J/(kg K)  
13
Molar Heat Capacity
28.91 J/mol·K  
9
25.10 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
11.10 W/m·K  
99+
80.40 W/m·K  
22
Critical Temperature
Not Available  
Not Available  
Thermal Expansion
10.30 µm/(m·K)  
38
11.80 µm/(m·K)  
33
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
330.90 kJ/mol  
26
351.00 kJ/mol  
23
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.80 kJ/mol  
34
14.90 kJ/mol  
22
Enthalpy of Atomization
314.00 kJ/mol  
33
414.20 kJ/mol  
19
Standard Molar Entropy
73.20 J/mol.K  
10
27.30 J/mol.K  
99+
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