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Tungsten vs Copper

Tungsten
Copper
Copper vs Tungsten


Periodic Table
Symbol
W  
Cu  
Group Number
6  
12
11  
7
Period Number
6  
4  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440337  
99+
7440508  
37
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
Fm_ 3m  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Tungsten element has the second highest melting point.
  • Pure tungsten can easily cut down with the help of hacksaw.
  
  • Copper rarely found in its pure form in nature.
  • Copper Sulfate is mostly used in agricultural poison and as an algicide in water purification system.
  
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
-  
Discovery
In 1781  
In Middle East (9000 BCE)  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
28
0.00 %  
13
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
23
0.00 %  
12
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
39
0.01 %  
13
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
39
0.01 %  
17
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
18
0.00 %  
8
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
10
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tungsten and its alloys are used in high-temperature applications like welding electrodes, high-temperature furnace, etc.
  • Tungsten carbide is very hard and used in metal working, mining and petroleum industry.
  
  • It is use for coinage and bullion.
  • Most of copper element is used in manufacturing electrical and electronic equipments such as wirings and components. It is also used in construction and industrial machine.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Chemical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys, Coinage, Jewellery  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
31
1.01 Blood/mg dm-3  
8
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
40
26.00 p.p.m.  
12
Physical
Melting Point
3,410.00 °C  
1
1,084.62 °C  
40
Boiling Point
5,660.00 °C  
1
2,562.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Grayish White  
Copper  
Luster
Lustrous  
-  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.50  
2
3.00  
13
Brinell Hardness
2,000.00 MPa  
4
235.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
3,430.00 MPa  
3
343.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
4,620.00 m/s  
20
3,810.00 m/s  
26
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.10  
11
1.10  
99+
Reflectivity
62.00 %  
21
90.00 %  
4
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
W  
Cu  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
33  
6
29  
10
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.36  
3
1.90  
12
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.98  
99+
1.98  
11
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.40  
20
1.75  
4
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.36  
3
1.49  
27
Allen Electronegativity
1.47  
33
1.85  
12
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.64  
99+
2.10  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
16
745.50 kJ/mol  
22
2nd Energy Level
1,700.00 kJ/mol  
30
1,957.90 kJ/mol  
15
3rd Energy Level
2,045.40 kJ/mol  
99+
3,555.00 kJ/mol  
15
4th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
8
5,536.00 kJ/mol  
21
5th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
17
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
17
6th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
35
9,900.00 kJ/mol  
16
7th Energy level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
13,400.00 kJ/mol  
7
8th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
16,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
9th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
25
19,200.00 kJ/mol  
9
10th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
29
22,400.00 kJ/mol  
11
11th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
28
25,600.00 kJ/mol  
13
12th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
35,600.00 kJ/mol  
27
13th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
21
38,700.00 kJ/mol  
6
14th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
42,000.00 kJ/mol  
7
15th Energy Level
77,000.00 kJ/mol  
18
46,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
77,000.00 kJ/mol  
13
50,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
34
53,700.00 kJ/mol  
12
18th Energy Level
7,700.00 kJ/mol  
24
61,100.00 kJ/mol  
10
19th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
31
64,702.00 kJ/mol  
11
20th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
25
163,700.00 kJ/mol  
2
21st Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
174,100.00 kJ/mol  
2
22nd Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
184,900.00 kJ/mol  
1
23rd Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
99+
198,800.00 kJ/mol  
1
24th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
15
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
25th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
26th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
27th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
13
745.50 kJ/mol  
18
28th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
745.50 kJ/mol  
24
29th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
19
745.50 kJ/mol  
25
30th Energy Level
770.00 kJ/mol  
14
745.50 kJ/mol  
19
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.14 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.19 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.55 eV  
18
4.65 eV  
16
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
74  
99+
29  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2  
[Ar] 3d10 4s1  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Copper.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
74  
99+
29  
99+
Number of Neutrons
110  
28
35  
99+
Number of Electrons
74  
99+
29  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
128.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
162.00 pm  
31
132.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
140.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
183.84 amu  
37
63.55 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
9.53 cm3/mol  
99+
7.10 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Tantalum
  
Nickel
  
Next Element
Rhenium
  
Zinc
  
Valence Electron Potential
140.00 (-eV)  
5
34.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
316.52 pm  
99+
361.49 pm  
39
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.29  
99+
1.28  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.25 g/cm3  
16
8.96 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.60 g/cm3  
15
8.02 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
370.00 MPa  
11
210.00 MPa  
19
Viscosity
0.00  
1
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
1.53 (Pa)  
8
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
161.00 GPa  
5
48.00 GPa  
15
Bulk Modulus
310.00 GPa  
4
140.00 GPa  
12
Young's Modulus
411.00 GPa  
4
120.00 GPa  
19
Poisson Ratio
0.28  
17
0.34  
10
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.22  
18
8.89  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
19
Susceptibility
0.00  
23
0.00  
31
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
52.80 nΩ·m  
99+
16.78 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.19 106/cm Ω  
10
0.60 106/cm Ω  
2
Electron Affinity
78.60 kJ/mol  
15
222.80 kJ/mol  
1
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.38 J/(kg K)  
15
Molar Heat Capacity
24.27 J/mol·K  
99+
24.44 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
173.00 W/m·K  
7
401.00 W/m·K  
2
Critical Temperature
3,695.00 K  
1
1,358.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
4.50 µm/(m·K)  
99+
16.50 µm/(m·K)  
27
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
799.10 kJ/mol  
1
283.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
35.23 kJ/mol  
1
7.11 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
837.00 kJ/mol  
1
338.90 kJ/mol  
39
Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K  
99+
33.20 J/mol.K  
99+
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